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Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)

Cortisol is the major endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) both in human and fish, mediated by corticosteroid receptors. Due to the absence of aldosterone production in teleost fish, cortisol is also traditionally accepted to function as mineralocorticoid (MC); but whether it acts through the glucocortico...

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Autores principales: Cruz, Shelly Abad, Lin, Chia-Hao, Chao, Pei-Lin, Hwang, Pung-Pung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24205060
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077997
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author Cruz, Shelly Abad
Lin, Chia-Hao
Chao, Pei-Lin
Hwang, Pung-Pung
author_facet Cruz, Shelly Abad
Lin, Chia-Hao
Chao, Pei-Lin
Hwang, Pung-Pung
author_sort Cruz, Shelly Abad
collection PubMed
description Cortisol is the major endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) both in human and fish, mediated by corticosteroid receptors. Due to the absence of aldosterone production in teleost fish, cortisol is also traditionally accepted to function as mineralocorticoid (MC); but whether it acts through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) or the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) remains a subject of debate. Here, we used loss-of-function and rescue assays to determine whether cortisol affects zebrafish epidermal ionocyte development and function via the GR and/or the MR. GR knockdown morphants displayed a significant decrease in the major ionocytes, namely Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase-rich cells (NaRCs) and H(+)-ATPase-rich cells (HRCs), as well as other cells, including epidermal stem cells (ESCs), keratinocytes, and mucus cells; conversely, cell numbers were unaffected in MR knockdown morphants. In agreement, GR morphants, but not MR morphants, exhibited decreased NaRC-mediated Ca(2+) uptake and HRC-mediated H(+) secretion. Rescue via GR capped mRNA injection or exogenous cortisol incubation normalized the number of epidermal ionocytes in GR morphants. We also provide evidence for GR localization in epidermal cells. At the transcript level, GR mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in gill sections and present in both NaRCs and HRCs, supporting the knockdown and functional assay results in embryo. Altogether, we have provided solid molecular evidence that GR is indeed present on ionocytes, where it mediates the effects of cortisol on ionocyte development and function. Hence, cortisol-GR axis performs the roles of both GC and MC in zebrafish skin and gills.
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spelling pubmed-38121342013-11-07 Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Cruz, Shelly Abad Lin, Chia-Hao Chao, Pei-Lin Hwang, Pung-Pung PLoS One Research Article Cortisol is the major endogenous glucocorticoid (GC) both in human and fish, mediated by corticosteroid receptors. Due to the absence of aldosterone production in teleost fish, cortisol is also traditionally accepted to function as mineralocorticoid (MC); but whether it acts through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) or the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) remains a subject of debate. Here, we used loss-of-function and rescue assays to determine whether cortisol affects zebrafish epidermal ionocyte development and function via the GR and/or the MR. GR knockdown morphants displayed a significant decrease in the major ionocytes, namely Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase-rich cells (NaRCs) and H(+)-ATPase-rich cells (HRCs), as well as other cells, including epidermal stem cells (ESCs), keratinocytes, and mucus cells; conversely, cell numbers were unaffected in MR knockdown morphants. In agreement, GR morphants, but not MR morphants, exhibited decreased NaRC-mediated Ca(2+) uptake and HRC-mediated H(+) secretion. Rescue via GR capped mRNA injection or exogenous cortisol incubation normalized the number of epidermal ionocytes in GR morphants. We also provide evidence for GR localization in epidermal cells. At the transcript level, GR mRNA is ubiquitously expressed in gill sections and present in both NaRCs and HRCs, supporting the knockdown and functional assay results in embryo. Altogether, we have provided solid molecular evidence that GR is indeed present on ionocytes, where it mediates the effects of cortisol on ionocyte development and function. Hence, cortisol-GR axis performs the roles of both GC and MC in zebrafish skin and gills. Public Library of Science 2013-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3812134/ /pubmed/24205060 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077997 Text en © 2013 Cruz et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cruz, Shelly Abad
Lin, Chia-Hao
Chao, Pei-Lin
Hwang, Pung-Pung
Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title_full Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title_fullStr Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title_full_unstemmed Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title_short Glucocorticoid Receptor, but Not Mineralocorticoid Receptor, Mediates Cortisol Regulation of Epidermal Ionocyte Development and Ion Transport in Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
title_sort glucocorticoid receptor, but not mineralocorticoid receptor, mediates cortisol regulation of epidermal ionocyte development and ion transport in zebrafish (danio rerio)
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812134/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24205060
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0077997
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