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The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium
Molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in mammals, fetal sex influences on intrauterine development, and the sex-biased susceptibility for selected diseases in adulthood are novel areas of current research. As importantly, two decades of multifaceted research has established that suscepti...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24205377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079233 |
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author | Cvitic, Silvija Longtine, Mark S. Hackl, Hubert Wagner, Karin Nelson, Michael D. Desoye, Gernot Hiden, Ursula |
author_facet | Cvitic, Silvija Longtine, Mark S. Hackl, Hubert Wagner, Karin Nelson, Michael D. Desoye, Gernot Hiden, Ursula |
author_sort | Cvitic, Silvija |
collection | PubMed |
description | Molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in mammals, fetal sex influences on intrauterine development, and the sex-biased susceptibility for selected diseases in adulthood are novel areas of current research. As importantly, two decades of multifaceted research has established that susceptibility to many adult disorders originates in utero, commonly secondary to the effects of placental dysfunction. We hypothesized that fetal sex influences gene expression and produces functional differences in human placentas. We thus extended previous studies on sexual dimorphism in mammals, which used RNA isolated from whole tissues, to investigate the effects of sex on four cell-phenotypes within a single key tissue, human placental villi. The cells studied included cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblast, arterial and venous endothelial cells. The cells were isolated from placentas of male or female fetuses and subjected to microarray analysis. We found that fetal sex differentially affected gene expression in a cell-phenotype dependent manner among all four cell-phenotypes. The markedly enriched pathways in males were identified to be signaling pathways for graft-versus-host disease as well as the immune and inflammatory systems that parallel the reported poorer outcome of male fetuses. Our study is the first to compare global gene expression by microarray analysis in purified, characterized, somatic cells from a single human tissue, i.e. placental villi. Importantly, our findings demonstrate that there are cell-phenotype specific, and tissue-specific, sex-biased responses in the human placenta, suggesting fetal sex should be considered as an independent variable in gene expression analysis of human placental villi. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3812163 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38121632013-11-07 The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium Cvitic, Silvija Longtine, Mark S. Hackl, Hubert Wagner, Karin Nelson, Michael D. Desoye, Gernot Hiden, Ursula PLoS One Research Article Molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphism in mammals, fetal sex influences on intrauterine development, and the sex-biased susceptibility for selected diseases in adulthood are novel areas of current research. As importantly, two decades of multifaceted research has established that susceptibility to many adult disorders originates in utero, commonly secondary to the effects of placental dysfunction. We hypothesized that fetal sex influences gene expression and produces functional differences in human placentas. We thus extended previous studies on sexual dimorphism in mammals, which used RNA isolated from whole tissues, to investigate the effects of sex on four cell-phenotypes within a single key tissue, human placental villi. The cells studied included cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblast, arterial and venous endothelial cells. The cells were isolated from placentas of male or female fetuses and subjected to microarray analysis. We found that fetal sex differentially affected gene expression in a cell-phenotype dependent manner among all four cell-phenotypes. The markedly enriched pathways in males were identified to be signaling pathways for graft-versus-host disease as well as the immune and inflammatory systems that parallel the reported poorer outcome of male fetuses. Our study is the first to compare global gene expression by microarray analysis in purified, characterized, somatic cells from a single human tissue, i.e. placental villi. Importantly, our findings demonstrate that there are cell-phenotype specific, and tissue-specific, sex-biased responses in the human placenta, suggesting fetal sex should be considered as an independent variable in gene expression analysis of human placental villi. Public Library of Science 2013-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3812163/ /pubmed/24205377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079233 Text en © 2013 Cvitic et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Cvitic, Silvija Longtine, Mark S. Hackl, Hubert Wagner, Karin Nelson, Michael D. Desoye, Gernot Hiden, Ursula The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title | The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title_full | The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title_fullStr | The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title_full_unstemmed | The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title_short | The Human Placental Sexome Differs between Trophoblast Epithelium and Villous Vessel Endothelium |
title_sort | human placental sexome differs between trophoblast epithelium and villous vessel endothelium |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3812163/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24205377 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079233 |
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