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Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficienc...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Libertas Academica
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179412 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014 |
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author | Castelli, Roberto Gualtierotti, Roberta Orofino, Nicola Losurdo, Agnese Gandolfi, Sara Cugno, Massimo |
author_facet | Castelli, Roberto Gualtierotti, Roberta Orofino, Nicola Losurdo, Agnese Gandolfi, Sara Cugno, Massimo |
author_sort | Castelli, Roberto |
collection | PubMed |
description | Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Its prognosis is severe, with a median survival after diagnosis of approximately 3 years due to frequent relapses. Treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory MM include hematopoietic cell transplantation, a rechallenge using a previous chemotherapy regimen or a trial of a new regimen. The introduction of new drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib has markedly improved MM outcomes. When relapse occurs, the clinician’s challenge is to select the optimal treatment for each patient while balancing efficacy and toxicity. Patients with indolent relapse can be first treated with a 2-drug or a 3-drug combination. Patients with more aggressive relapse often require therapy with a combination of multiple active agents. Autologous stem cell transplantation should be considered as salvage therapy at first relapse for patients who have cryopreserved stem cells early in the disease course. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the pharmacological and molecular action of treatments used for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3813615 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Libertas Academica |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38136152013-10-31 Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma Castelli, Roberto Gualtierotti, Roberta Orofino, Nicola Losurdo, Agnese Gandolfi, Sara Cugno, Massimo Clin Med Insights Oncol Review Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Its prognosis is severe, with a median survival after diagnosis of approximately 3 years due to frequent relapses. Treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory MM include hematopoietic cell transplantation, a rechallenge using a previous chemotherapy regimen or a trial of a new regimen. The introduction of new drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib has markedly improved MM outcomes. When relapse occurs, the clinician’s challenge is to select the optimal treatment for each patient while balancing efficacy and toxicity. Patients with indolent relapse can be first treated with a 2-drug or a 3-drug combination. Patients with more aggressive relapse often require therapy with a combination of multiple active agents. Autologous stem cell transplantation should be considered as salvage therapy at first relapse for patients who have cryopreserved stem cells early in the disease course. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the pharmacological and molecular action of treatments used for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Libertas Academica 2013-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3813615/ /pubmed/24179412 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014 Text en © 2013 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 license. |
spellingShingle | Review Castelli, Roberto Gualtierotti, Roberta Orofino, Nicola Losurdo, Agnese Gandolfi, Sara Cugno, Massimo Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title | Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title_full | Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title_fullStr | Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title_full_unstemmed | Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title_short | Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma |
title_sort | current and emerging treatment options for patients with relapsed myeloma |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813615/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179412 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014 |
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