Cargando…

Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficienc...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Castelli, Roberto, Gualtierotti, Roberta, Orofino, Nicola, Losurdo, Agnese, Gandolfi, Sara, Cugno, Massimo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Libertas Academica 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179412
http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014
_version_ 1782289132904513536
author Castelli, Roberto
Gualtierotti, Roberta
Orofino, Nicola
Losurdo, Agnese
Gandolfi, Sara
Cugno, Massimo
author_facet Castelli, Roberto
Gualtierotti, Roberta
Orofino, Nicola
Losurdo, Agnese
Gandolfi, Sara
Cugno, Massimo
author_sort Castelli, Roberto
collection PubMed
description Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Its prognosis is severe, with a median survival after diagnosis of approximately 3 years due to frequent relapses. Treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory MM include hematopoietic cell transplantation, a rechallenge using a previous chemotherapy regimen or a trial of a new regimen. The introduction of new drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib has markedly improved MM outcomes. When relapse occurs, the clinician’s challenge is to select the optimal treatment for each patient while balancing efficacy and toxicity. Patients with indolent relapse can be first treated with a 2-drug or a 3-drug combination. Patients with more aggressive relapse often require therapy with a combination of multiple active agents. Autologous stem cell transplantation should be considered as salvage therapy at first relapse for patients who have cryopreserved stem cells early in the disease course. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the pharmacological and molecular action of treatments used for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3813615
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher Libertas Academica
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-38136152013-10-31 Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma Castelli, Roberto Gualtierotti, Roberta Orofino, Nicola Losurdo, Agnese Gandolfi, Sara Cugno, Massimo Clin Med Insights Oncol Review Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disorder. It results from proliferation of clonal plasma cells in bone marrow with production of monoclonal proteins, which are detectable in serum or urine. MM is clinically characterized by destructive bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia and renal insufficiency. Its prognosis is severe, with a median survival after diagnosis of approximately 3 years due to frequent relapses. Treatments for patients with relapsed/refractory MM include hematopoietic cell transplantation, a rechallenge using a previous chemotherapy regimen or a trial of a new regimen. The introduction of new drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and bortezomib has markedly improved MM outcomes. When relapse occurs, the clinician’s challenge is to select the optimal treatment for each patient while balancing efficacy and toxicity. Patients with indolent relapse can be first treated with a 2-drug or a 3-drug combination. Patients with more aggressive relapse often require therapy with a combination of multiple active agents. Autologous stem cell transplantation should be considered as salvage therapy at first relapse for patients who have cryopreserved stem cells early in the disease course. The aim of this review is to provide an overview on the pharmacological and molecular action of treatments used for patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Libertas Academica 2013-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3813615/ /pubmed/24179412 http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014 Text en © 2013 the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd. This is an open access article published under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC 3.0 license.
spellingShingle Review
Castelli, Roberto
Gualtierotti, Roberta
Orofino, Nicola
Losurdo, Agnese
Gandolfi, Sara
Cugno, Massimo
Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title_full Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title_fullStr Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title_full_unstemmed Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title_short Current and Emerging Treatment Options for Patients with Relapsed Myeloma
title_sort current and emerging treatment options for patients with relapsed myeloma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813615/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24179412
http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/CMO.S8014
work_keys_str_mv AT castelliroberto currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma
AT gualtierottiroberta currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma
AT orofinonicola currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma
AT losurdoagnese currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma
AT gandolfisara currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma
AT cugnomassimo currentandemergingtreatmentoptionsforpatientswithrelapsedmyeloma