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Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States
[1] Accurate estimation of the characteristics of the winter snowpack is crucial for prediction of available water supply, flooding, and climate feedbacks. Remote sensing of snow has been most successful for quantifying the spatial extent of the snowpack, although satellite estimation of snow water...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24223442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20173 |
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author | Ouellette, Karli J de Linage, Caroline Famiglietti, James S |
author_facet | Ouellette, Karli J de Linage, Caroline Famiglietti, James S |
author_sort | Ouellette, Karli J |
collection | PubMed |
description | [1] Accurate estimation of the characteristics of the winter snowpack is crucial for prediction of available water supply, flooding, and climate feedbacks. Remote sensing of snow has been most successful for quantifying the spatial extent of the snowpack, although satellite estimation of snow water equivalent (SWE), fractional snow covered area, and snow depth is improving. Here we show that GPS observations of vertical land surface loading reveal seasonal responses of the land surface to the total weight of snow, providing information about the stored SWE. We demonstrate that the seasonal signal in Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) GPS vertical land surface position time series at six locations in the western United States is driven by elastic loading of the crust by the snowpack. GPS observations of land surface deformation are then used to predict the water load as a function of time at each location of interest and compared for validation to nearby Snowpack Telemetry observations of SWE. Estimates of soil moisture are included in the analysis and result in considerable improvement in the prediction of SWE. Citation: Ouellette, K. J., C. de Linage, and J. S. Famiglietti (2013), Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States, Water Resour. Res., 49, 2508–2518, doi:10.1002/wrcr.20173. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3813979 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38139792013-11-06 Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States Ouellette, Karli J de Linage, Caroline Famiglietti, James S Water Resour Res Regular Articles [1] Accurate estimation of the characteristics of the winter snowpack is crucial for prediction of available water supply, flooding, and climate feedbacks. Remote sensing of snow has been most successful for quantifying the spatial extent of the snowpack, although satellite estimation of snow water equivalent (SWE), fractional snow covered area, and snow depth is improving. Here we show that GPS observations of vertical land surface loading reveal seasonal responses of the land surface to the total weight of snow, providing information about the stored SWE. We demonstrate that the seasonal signal in Scripps Orbit and Permanent Array Center (SOPAC) GPS vertical land surface position time series at six locations in the western United States is driven by elastic loading of the crust by the snowpack. GPS observations of land surface deformation are then used to predict the water load as a function of time at each location of interest and compared for validation to nearby Snowpack Telemetry observations of SWE. Estimates of soil moisture are included in the analysis and result in considerable improvement in the prediction of SWE. Citation: Ouellette, K. J., C. de Linage, and J. S. Famiglietti (2013), Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States, Water Resour. Res., 49, 2508–2518, doi:10.1002/wrcr.20173. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2013-05 2013-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3813979/ /pubmed/24223442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20173 Text en ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ Re-use of this article is permitted in accordance with the Creative Commons Deed, Attribution 2.5, which does not permit commercial exploitation. |
spellingShingle | Regular Articles Ouellette, Karli J de Linage, Caroline Famiglietti, James S Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title | Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title_full | Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title_fullStr | Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title_short | Estimating snow water equivalent from GPS vertical site-position observations in the western United States |
title_sort | estimating snow water equivalent from gps vertical site-position observations in the western united states |
topic | Regular Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3813979/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24223442 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20173 |
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