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Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†)
Recent evidence indicates that foamy viruses (FVs) are the oldest retroviruses (RVs) that we know and coevolved with their hosts for several hundred million years. This coevolution may have contributed to the non-pathogenicity of FVs, an important factor in development of foamy viral vectors in gene...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24072062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5102349 |
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author | Rethwilm, Axel Bodem, Jochen |
author_facet | Rethwilm, Axel Bodem, Jochen |
author_sort | Rethwilm, Axel |
collection | PubMed |
description | Recent evidence indicates that foamy viruses (FVs) are the oldest retroviruses (RVs) that we know and coevolved with their hosts for several hundred million years. This coevolution may have contributed to the non-pathogenicity of FVs, an important factor in development of foamy viral vectors in gene therapy. However, various questions on the molecular evolution of FVs remain still unanswered. The analysis of the spectrum of animal species infected by exogenous FVs or harboring endogenous FV elements in their genome is pivotal. Furthermore, animal studies might reveal important issues, such as the identification of the FV in vivo target cells, which than require a detailed characterization, to resolve the molecular basis of the accuracy with which FVs copy their genome. The issues of the extent of FV viremia and of the nature of the virion genome (RNA vs. DNA) also need to be experimentally addressed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3814592 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38145922013-11-01 Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) Rethwilm, Axel Bodem, Jochen Viruses Review Recent evidence indicates that foamy viruses (FVs) are the oldest retroviruses (RVs) that we know and coevolved with their hosts for several hundred million years. This coevolution may have contributed to the non-pathogenicity of FVs, an important factor in development of foamy viral vectors in gene therapy. However, various questions on the molecular evolution of FVs remain still unanswered. The analysis of the spectrum of animal species infected by exogenous FVs or harboring endogenous FV elements in their genome is pivotal. Furthermore, animal studies might reveal important issues, such as the identification of the FV in vivo target cells, which than require a detailed characterization, to resolve the molecular basis of the accuracy with which FVs copy their genome. The issues of the extent of FV viremia and of the nature of the virion genome (RNA vs. DNA) also need to be experimentally addressed. MDPI 2013-09-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3814592/ /pubmed/24072062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5102349 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Rethwilm, Axel Bodem, Jochen Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title | Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title_full | Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title_fullStr | Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title_full_unstemmed | Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title_short | Evolution of Foamy Viruses: The Most Ancient of All Retroviruses (†) |
title_sort | evolution of foamy viruses: the most ancient of all retroviruses (†) |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814592/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24072062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5102349 |
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