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Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria

Although the role of systemic proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, and their up-regulation of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-Selectin, in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM) is well established, the role of local cytokine release remain unclear. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was...

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Autores principales: Armah, Henry, Wiredu, Edwin Kwame, Dodoo, Alfred Kofi, Adjei, Andrew Anthony, Tettey, Yao, Gyasi, Richard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2005
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16705810
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author Armah, Henry
Wiredu, Edwin Kwame
Dodoo, Alfred Kofi
Adjei, Andrew Anthony
Tettey, Yao
Gyasi, Richard
author_facet Armah, Henry
Wiredu, Edwin Kwame
Dodoo, Alfred Kofi
Adjei, Andrew Anthony
Tettey, Yao
Gyasi, Richard
author_sort Armah, Henry
collection PubMed
description Although the role of systemic proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, and their up-regulation of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-Selectin, in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM) is well established, the role of local cytokine release remain unclear. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to compare the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-Selectin, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF- β at light microscopic level in cerebral, cerebellar and brainstem postmortem cryostat sections from 10 CM, 5 severe malarial anemia (SMA), 1 purulent bacterial meningitis (PBM), 2 non-central nervous system infections (NCNSI) and 3 non-infections (NI) deaths in Ghanaian children. Fatal malaria and Salmonella sepsis showed significantly higher vascular expression of all 3 adhesion molecules, with highly significant co-localization with sequestration in the malaria cases. However, there was negligible difference between CM and SMA. TGF-β showed intravascular and perivascular distribution in all cases, but expression was most intense in the PBM case and CM group. TNF-α and IL-1β showed prominent brain parenchymal staining, in addition to intravascular and perivascular staining, in only the PBM case and CM group. The maximal expression of all 6 antigens studied was in the cerebellar sections of the malaria cases. Endothelial activation is a feature of fatal malaria and Salmonella sepsis, with adhesion molecule expression being highly correlated with sequestration. IL-1β and TNF-α are upregulated in only cases with neurodegenerative lesions, whilst TGF-β is present in all cases. Both cytokines and adhesion molecules were maximally upregulated in the cerebellar sections of the malaria cases.
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spelling pubmed-38147062013-11-04 Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria Armah, Henry Wiredu, Edwin Kwame Dodoo, Alfred Kofi Adjei, Andrew Anthony Tettey, Yao Gyasi, Richard Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Although the role of systemic proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, and their up-regulation of adhesion molecules, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-Selectin, in the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria (CM) is well established, the role of local cytokine release remain unclear. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to compare the expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-Selectin, IL-1β, TNF-α and TGF- β at light microscopic level in cerebral, cerebellar and brainstem postmortem cryostat sections from 10 CM, 5 severe malarial anemia (SMA), 1 purulent bacterial meningitis (PBM), 2 non-central nervous system infections (NCNSI) and 3 non-infections (NI) deaths in Ghanaian children. Fatal malaria and Salmonella sepsis showed significantly higher vascular expression of all 3 adhesion molecules, with highly significant co-localization with sequestration in the malaria cases. However, there was negligible difference between CM and SMA. TGF-β showed intravascular and perivascular distribution in all cases, but expression was most intense in the PBM case and CM group. TNF-α and IL-1β showed prominent brain parenchymal staining, in addition to intravascular and perivascular staining, in only the PBM case and CM group. The maximal expression of all 6 antigens studied was in the cerebellar sections of the malaria cases. Endothelial activation is a feature of fatal malaria and Salmonella sepsis, with adhesion molecule expression being highly correlated with sequestration. IL-1β and TNF-α are upregulated in only cases with neurodegenerative lesions, whilst TGF-β is present in all cases. Both cytokines and adhesion molecules were maximally upregulated in the cerebellar sections of the malaria cases. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2005-05 2005-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3814706/ /pubmed/16705810 Text en © 2005 MDPI. All rights reserved.
spellingShingle Article
Armah, Henry
Wiredu, Edwin Kwame
Dodoo, Alfred Kofi
Adjei, Andrew Anthony
Tettey, Yao
Gyasi, Richard
Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title_full Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title_fullStr Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title_full_unstemmed Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title_short Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules Expression in the Brain in Human Cerebral Malaria
title_sort cytokines and adhesion molecules expression in the brain in human cerebral malaria
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814706/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16705810
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