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Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology

Conventional vaccines have been extremely successful in preventing infections by pathogens expressing relatively conserved antigens through antibody‐mediated effector mechanisms. Thanks to vaccination some diseases have been eradicated and mortality due to infectious diseases has been significantly...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: De Gregorio, Ennio, Rappuoli, Rino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3815775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880117
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00276.x
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author De Gregorio, Ennio
Rappuoli, Rino
author_facet De Gregorio, Ennio
Rappuoli, Rino
author_sort De Gregorio, Ennio
collection PubMed
description Conventional vaccines have been extremely successful in preventing infections by pathogens expressing relatively conserved antigens through antibody‐mediated effector mechanisms. Thanks to vaccination some diseases have been eradicated and mortality due to infectious diseases has been significantly reduced. However, there are still many infections that are not preventable with vaccination, which represent a major cause of mortality worldwide. Some of these infections are caused by pathogens with a high degree of antigen variability that cannot be controlled only by antibodies, but require a mix of humoral and cellular immune responses. Novel technologies for antigen discovery, expression and formulation allow now for the development of vaccines that can better cope with pathogen diversity and trigger multifunctional immune responses. In addition, the application of new genomic assays and systems biology approaches in human immunology can help to better identify vaccine correlates of protection. The availability of novel vaccine technologies, together with the knowledge of the distinct human immune responses that are required to prevent different types of infection, should help to rationally design effective vaccines where conventional approaches have failed.
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spelling pubmed-38157752014-02-12 Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology De Gregorio, Ennio Rappuoli, Rino Microb Biotechnol Minireviews Conventional vaccines have been extremely successful in preventing infections by pathogens expressing relatively conserved antigens through antibody‐mediated effector mechanisms. Thanks to vaccination some diseases have been eradicated and mortality due to infectious diseases has been significantly reduced. However, there are still many infections that are not preventable with vaccination, which represent a major cause of mortality worldwide. Some of these infections are caused by pathogens with a high degree of antigen variability that cannot be controlled only by antibodies, but require a mix of humoral and cellular immune responses. Novel technologies for antigen discovery, expression and formulation allow now for the development of vaccines that can better cope with pathogen diversity and trigger multifunctional immune responses. In addition, the application of new genomic assays and systems biology approaches in human immunology can help to better identify vaccine correlates of protection. The availability of novel vaccine technologies, together with the knowledge of the distinct human immune responses that are required to prevent different types of infection, should help to rationally design effective vaccines where conventional approaches have failed. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012-03 2012-02-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3815775/ /pubmed/21880117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00276.x Text en Copyright © 2011 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2011 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd
spellingShingle Minireviews
De Gregorio, Ennio
Rappuoli, Rino
Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title_full Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title_fullStr Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title_full_unstemmed Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title_short Vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
title_sort vaccines for the future: learning from human immunology
topic Minireviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3815775/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21880117
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7915.2011.00276.x
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