Clinical and pathological analysis of the kidney in patients with hypertensive nephropathy

The aim of the present study was to identify the association between pathological types of kidney and clinical manifestations in patients with hypertensive nephropathy. The blood pressure, fundus, urinalysis test results and renal function changes were analysed in patients who were treated for hypertensive nephropathy. Downward kidney puncture biopsy was performed using a 16G ejection needle with the aid of B ultrasound in 47 cases. The specimens were observed using light microscopy and immunofluorescence. The pathological changes observed in the patients exhibiting symptoms of hypertensive nephropathy varied. The majority of clinical manifestations were benign arteriolar nephrosclerosis, hyaline degeneration of the renal artery and the appearance of a thickened wall of a thickened renal artery wall. Severe cases showed malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis characterised by fibrinoid necrosis of renal arterioles and intimal hyperplasia. In addition, in the severe cases, fibrinoid necrosis of the afferent arteriole and arcuate artery wall was observed, with severe interlobular artery and arcuate artery myointimal thickening. Renal biopsy in patients with hypertensive nephropathy is safe and feasible. The prognosis and treatment of pathological and clinical disease related to renal pathology is necessary.