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Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial

We investigated the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness training (CBT/MT) on attentional task performance in incarcerated adolescents. Attention is a cognitive system necessary for managing cognitive demands and regulating emotions. Yet persistent and intensive demands, such as th...

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Autores principales: Leonard, Noelle R., Jha, Amishi P., Casarjian, Bethany, Goolsarran, Merissa, Garcia, Cristina, Cleland, Charles M., Gwadz, Marya V., Massey, Zohar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24265621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00792
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author Leonard, Noelle R.
Jha, Amishi P.
Casarjian, Bethany
Goolsarran, Merissa
Garcia, Cristina
Cleland, Charles M.
Gwadz, Marya V.
Massey, Zohar
author_facet Leonard, Noelle R.
Jha, Amishi P.
Casarjian, Bethany
Goolsarran, Merissa
Garcia, Cristina
Cleland, Charles M.
Gwadz, Marya V.
Massey, Zohar
author_sort Leonard, Noelle R.
collection PubMed
description We investigated the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness training (CBT/MT) on attentional task performance in incarcerated adolescents. Attention is a cognitive system necessary for managing cognitive demands and regulating emotions. Yet persistent and intensive demands, such as those experienced during high-stress intervals like incarceration and the events leading to incarceration, may deplete attention resulting in cognitive failures, emotional disturbances, and impulsive behavior. We hypothesized that CBT/MT may mitigate these deleterious effects of high stress and protect against degradation in attention over the high-stress interval of incarceration. Using a quasi-experimental, group randomized controlled trial design, we randomly assigned dormitories of incarcerated youth, ages 16–18, to a CBT/MT intervention (youth n = 147) or an active control intervention (youth n = 117). Both arms received approximately 750 min of intervention in a small-group setting over a 3–5 week period. Youth in the CBT/MT arm also logged the amount of out-of-session time spent practicing MT exercises. The Attention Network Test was used to index attentional task performance at baseline and 4 months post-baseline. Overall, task performance degraded over time in all participants. The magnitude of performance degradation was significantly less in the CBT/MT vs. control arm. Further, within the CBT/MT arm, performance degraded over time in those with no outside-of-class practice time, but remained stable over time in those who practiced mindfulness exercises outside of the session meetings. Thus, these findings suggest that sufficient CBT/MT practice may protect against functional attentional impairments associated with high-stress intervals.
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spelling pubmed-38209552013-11-21 Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial Leonard, Noelle R. Jha, Amishi P. Casarjian, Bethany Goolsarran, Merissa Garcia, Cristina Cleland, Charles M. Gwadz, Marya V. Massey, Zohar Front Psychol Psychology We investigated the impact of cognitive behavioral therapy and mindfulness training (CBT/MT) on attentional task performance in incarcerated adolescents. Attention is a cognitive system necessary for managing cognitive demands and regulating emotions. Yet persistent and intensive demands, such as those experienced during high-stress intervals like incarceration and the events leading to incarceration, may deplete attention resulting in cognitive failures, emotional disturbances, and impulsive behavior. We hypothesized that CBT/MT may mitigate these deleterious effects of high stress and protect against degradation in attention over the high-stress interval of incarceration. Using a quasi-experimental, group randomized controlled trial design, we randomly assigned dormitories of incarcerated youth, ages 16–18, to a CBT/MT intervention (youth n = 147) or an active control intervention (youth n = 117). Both arms received approximately 750 min of intervention in a small-group setting over a 3–5 week period. Youth in the CBT/MT arm also logged the amount of out-of-session time spent practicing MT exercises. The Attention Network Test was used to index attentional task performance at baseline and 4 months post-baseline. Overall, task performance degraded over time in all participants. The magnitude of performance degradation was significantly less in the CBT/MT vs. control arm. Further, within the CBT/MT arm, performance degraded over time in those with no outside-of-class practice time, but remained stable over time in those who practiced mindfulness exercises outside of the session meetings. Thus, these findings suggest that sufficient CBT/MT practice may protect against functional attentional impairments associated with high-stress intervals. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-11-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3820955/ /pubmed/24265621 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00792 Text en Copyright © 2013 Leonard, Jha, Casarjian, Goolsarran, Garcia, Cleland, Gwadz and Massey. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Leonard, Noelle R.
Jha, Amishi P.
Casarjian, Bethany
Goolsarran, Merissa
Garcia, Cristina
Cleland, Charles M.
Gwadz, Marya V.
Massey, Zohar
Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title_full Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title_fullStr Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title_full_unstemmed Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title_short Mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
title_sort mindfulness training improves attentional task performance in incarcerated youth: a group randomized controlled intervention trial
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820955/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24265621
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00792
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