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Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium
BACKGROUND: Thalassosaline waters produced by the concentration of seawater are widespread and common extreme aquatic habitats. Their salinity varies from that of sea water (ca. 3.5%) to saturation for NaCl (ca. 37%). Obviously the microbiota varies dramatically throughout this range. Recent metagen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24225341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-787 |
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author | López-Pérez, Mario Ghai, Rohit Leon, Maria Jose Rodríguez-Olmos, Ángel Copa-Patiño, José Luis Soliveri, Juan Sanchez-Porro, Cristina Ventosa, Antonio Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco |
author_facet | López-Pérez, Mario Ghai, Rohit Leon, Maria Jose Rodríguez-Olmos, Ángel Copa-Patiño, José Luis Soliveri, Juan Sanchez-Porro, Cristina Ventosa, Antonio Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco |
author_sort | López-Pérez, Mario |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Thalassosaline waters produced by the concentration of seawater are widespread and common extreme aquatic habitats. Their salinity varies from that of sea water (ca. 3.5%) to saturation for NaCl (ca. 37%). Obviously the microbiota varies dramatically throughout this range. Recent metagenomic analysis of intermediate salinity waters (19%) indicated the presence of an abundant and yet undescribed gamma-proteobacterium. Two strains belonging to this group have been isolated from saltern ponds of intermediate salinity in two Spanish salterns and were named “Spiribacter”. RESULTS: The genomes of two isolates of “Spiribacter” have been fully sequenced and assembled. The analysis of metagenomic datasets indicates that microbes of this genus are widespread worldwide in medium salinity habitats representing the first ecologically defined moderate halophile. The genomes indicate that the two isolates belong to different species within the same genus. Both genomes are streamlined with high coding densities, have few regulatory mechanisms and no motility or chemotactic behavior. Metabolically they are heterotrophs with a subgroup II xanthorhodopsin as an additional energy source when light is available. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first bacterium that has been proven by culture independent approaches to be prevalent in hypersaline habitats of intermediate salinity (half a way between the sea and NaCl saturation). Predictions from the proteome and analysis of transporter genes, together with a complete ectoine biosynthesis gene cluster are consistent with these microbes having the salt-out-organic-compatible solutes type of osmoregulation. All these features are also consistent with a well-adapted fully planktonic microbe while other halophiles with more complex genomes such as Salinibacter ruber might have particle associated microniches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3832224 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38322242013-11-19 Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium López-Pérez, Mario Ghai, Rohit Leon, Maria Jose Rodríguez-Olmos, Ángel Copa-Patiño, José Luis Soliveri, Juan Sanchez-Porro, Cristina Ventosa, Antonio Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco BMC Genomics Research Article BACKGROUND: Thalassosaline waters produced by the concentration of seawater are widespread and common extreme aquatic habitats. Their salinity varies from that of sea water (ca. 3.5%) to saturation for NaCl (ca. 37%). Obviously the microbiota varies dramatically throughout this range. Recent metagenomic analysis of intermediate salinity waters (19%) indicated the presence of an abundant and yet undescribed gamma-proteobacterium. Two strains belonging to this group have been isolated from saltern ponds of intermediate salinity in two Spanish salterns and were named “Spiribacter”. RESULTS: The genomes of two isolates of “Spiribacter” have been fully sequenced and assembled. The analysis of metagenomic datasets indicates that microbes of this genus are widespread worldwide in medium salinity habitats representing the first ecologically defined moderate halophile. The genomes indicate that the two isolates belong to different species within the same genus. Both genomes are streamlined with high coding densities, have few regulatory mechanisms and no motility or chemotactic behavior. Metabolically they are heterotrophs with a subgroup II xanthorhodopsin as an additional energy source when light is available. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first bacterium that has been proven by culture independent approaches to be prevalent in hypersaline habitats of intermediate salinity (half a way between the sea and NaCl saturation). Predictions from the proteome and analysis of transporter genes, together with a complete ectoine biosynthesis gene cluster are consistent with these microbes having the salt-out-organic-compatible solutes type of osmoregulation. All these features are also consistent with a well-adapted fully planktonic microbe while other halophiles with more complex genomes such as Salinibacter ruber might have particle associated microniches. BioMed Central 2013-11-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3832224/ /pubmed/24225341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-787 Text en Copyright © 2013 López-Pérez et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article López-Pérez, Mario Ghai, Rohit Leon, Maria Jose Rodríguez-Olmos, Ángel Copa-Patiño, José Luis Soliveri, Juan Sanchez-Porro, Cristina Ventosa, Antonio Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title | Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title_full | Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title_fullStr | Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title_full_unstemmed | Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title_short | Genomes of “Spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
title_sort | genomes of “spiribacter”, a streamlined, successful halophilic bacterium |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24225341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-14-787 |
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