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Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash
This study reports on the microstructure, compressive strength, and drying shrinkage of metakaolin (MK) based geopolymers produced by partially replacing MK by oil palm ash (OPA). The OPA was used as raw material producing different molar ratios of SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) and CaO/SiO(2). The geopolymer sam...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832975/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24294140 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/857586 |
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author | Hawa, Abideng Tonnayopas, Danupon Prachasaree, Woraphot |
author_facet | Hawa, Abideng Tonnayopas, Danupon Prachasaree, Woraphot |
author_sort | Hawa, Abideng |
collection | PubMed |
description | This study reports on the microstructure, compressive strength, and drying shrinkage of metakaolin (MK) based geopolymers produced by partially replacing MK by oil palm ash (OPA). The OPA was used as raw material producing different molar ratios of SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) and CaO/SiO(2). The geopolymer samples were cured at 80°C for 1, 2, or 4 hours and kept at ambient temperature until testing. The compressive strength was measured after 2, 6, and 24 hours and 7 and 28 days. The testing results revealed that the geopolymer with 5% OPA (SiO(2) : Al(2)O(3) = 2.88 : 1) gave the highest compressive strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the 5% OPA sample had a dense-compact matrix and less unreacted raw materials which contributed to the higher compressive strength. In the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, the change of the crystalline phase after heat curing for 4 hours was easily detectable compared to the samples subjected to a shorter period of heat curing. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3832975 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38329752013-12-01 Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash Hawa, Abideng Tonnayopas, Danupon Prachasaree, Woraphot ScientificWorldJournal Research Article This study reports on the microstructure, compressive strength, and drying shrinkage of metakaolin (MK) based geopolymers produced by partially replacing MK by oil palm ash (OPA). The OPA was used as raw material producing different molar ratios of SiO(2)/Al(2)O(3) and CaO/SiO(2). The geopolymer samples were cured at 80°C for 1, 2, or 4 hours and kept at ambient temperature until testing. The compressive strength was measured after 2, 6, and 24 hours and 7 and 28 days. The testing results revealed that the geopolymer with 5% OPA (SiO(2) : Al(2)O(3) = 2.88 : 1) gave the highest compressive strength. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the 5% OPA sample had a dense-compact matrix and less unreacted raw materials which contributed to the higher compressive strength. In the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, the change of the crystalline phase after heat curing for 4 hours was easily detectable compared to the samples subjected to a shorter period of heat curing. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3832975/ /pubmed/24294140 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/857586 Text en Copyright © 2013 Abideng Hawa et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Hawa, Abideng Tonnayopas, Danupon Prachasaree, Woraphot Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title | Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title_full | Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title_fullStr | Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title_full_unstemmed | Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title_short | Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Characterization of Metakaolin-Based Geopolymer Containing Oil Palm Ash |
title_sort | performance evaluation and microstructure characterization of metakaolin-based geopolymer containing oil palm ash |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3832975/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24294140 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/857586 |
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