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Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi

Emiliania huxleyi, a key player in the global carbon cycle is one of the best studied coccolithophores with respect to biogeochemical cycles, climatology, and host-virus interactions. Strains of E. huxleyi show phenotypic plasticity regarding growth behaviour, light-response, calcification, acidific...

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Autores principales: Kegel, Jessica U., John, Uwe, Valentin, Klaus, Frickenhaus, Stephan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3834299/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24260453
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080684
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author Kegel, Jessica U.
John, Uwe
Valentin, Klaus
Frickenhaus, Stephan
author_facet Kegel, Jessica U.
John, Uwe
Valentin, Klaus
Frickenhaus, Stephan
author_sort Kegel, Jessica U.
collection PubMed
description Emiliania huxleyi, a key player in the global carbon cycle is one of the best studied coccolithophores with respect to biogeochemical cycles, climatology, and host-virus interactions. Strains of E. huxleyi show phenotypic plasticity regarding growth behaviour, light-response, calcification, acidification, and virus susceptibility. This phenomenon is likely a consequence of genomic differences, or transcriptomic responses, to environmental conditions or threats such as viral infections. We used an E. huxleyi genome microarray based on the sequenced strain CCMP1516 (reference strain) to perform comparative genomic hybridizations (CGH) of 16 E. huxleyi strains of different geographic origin. We investigated the genomic diversity and plasticity and focused on the identification of genes related to virus susceptibility and coccolith production (calcification). Among the tested 31940 gene models a core genome of 14628 genes was identified by hybridization among 16 E. huxleyi strains. 224 probes were characterized as specific for the reference strain CCMP1516. Compared to the sequenced E. huxleyi strain CCMP1516 variation in gene content of up to 30 percent among strains was observed. Comparison of core and non-core transcripts sets in terms of annotated functions reveals a broad, almost equal functional coverage over all KOG-categories of both transcript sets within the whole annotated genome. Within the variable (non-core) genome we identified genes associated with virus susceptibility and calcification. Genes associated with virus susceptibility include a Bax inhibitor-1 protein, three LRR receptor-like protein kinases, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Our list of transcripts associated with coccolith production will stimulate further research, e.g. by genetic manipulation. In particular, the V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit is proposed to be a plausible target gene for further calcification studies.
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spelling pubmed-38342992013-11-20 Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi Kegel, Jessica U. John, Uwe Valentin, Klaus Frickenhaus, Stephan PLoS One Research Article Emiliania huxleyi, a key player in the global carbon cycle is one of the best studied coccolithophores with respect to biogeochemical cycles, climatology, and host-virus interactions. Strains of E. huxleyi show phenotypic plasticity regarding growth behaviour, light-response, calcification, acidification, and virus susceptibility. This phenomenon is likely a consequence of genomic differences, or transcriptomic responses, to environmental conditions or threats such as viral infections. We used an E. huxleyi genome microarray based on the sequenced strain CCMP1516 (reference strain) to perform comparative genomic hybridizations (CGH) of 16 E. huxleyi strains of different geographic origin. We investigated the genomic diversity and plasticity and focused on the identification of genes related to virus susceptibility and coccolith production (calcification). Among the tested 31940 gene models a core genome of 14628 genes was identified by hybridization among 16 E. huxleyi strains. 224 probes were characterized as specific for the reference strain CCMP1516. Compared to the sequenced E. huxleyi strain CCMP1516 variation in gene content of up to 30 percent among strains was observed. Comparison of core and non-core transcripts sets in terms of annotated functions reveals a broad, almost equal functional coverage over all KOG-categories of both transcript sets within the whole annotated genome. Within the variable (non-core) genome we identified genes associated with virus susceptibility and calcification. Genes associated with virus susceptibility include a Bax inhibitor-1 protein, three LRR receptor-like protein kinases, and mitogen-activated protein kinase. Our list of transcripts associated with coccolith production will stimulate further research, e.g. by genetic manipulation. In particular, the V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit is proposed to be a plausible target gene for further calcification studies. Public Library of Science 2013-11-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3834299/ /pubmed/24260453 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080684 Text en © 2013 Kegel et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kegel, Jessica U.
John, Uwe
Valentin, Klaus
Frickenhaus, Stephan
Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title_full Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title_fullStr Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title_full_unstemmed Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title_short Genome Variations Associated with Viral Susceptibility and Calcification in Emiliania huxleyi
title_sort genome variations associated with viral susceptibility and calcification in emiliania huxleyi
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3834299/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24260453
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080684
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