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The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function

During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in our knowledge of how chromatin is organized inside the nucleus. Techniques such as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) have proved that chromosomes organize themselves in so-called CTs (chromosome territories). In addition, newly de...

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Autores principales: Rodriguez, Alejandro, Bjerling, Pernilla
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Portland Press Ltd. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24256267
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20130213
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author Rodriguez, Alejandro
Bjerling, Pernilla
author_facet Rodriguez, Alejandro
Bjerling, Pernilla
author_sort Rodriguez, Alejandro
collection PubMed
description During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in our knowledge of how chromatin is organized inside the nucleus. Techniques such as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) have proved that chromosomes organize themselves in so-called CTs (chromosome territories). In addition, newly developed 3C (chromatin conformation capture) techniques have revealed that certain chromosomal regions tend to interact with adjacent regions on either the same chromosome or adjacent chromosomes, and also that regions in close proximity are replicated simultaneously. Furthermore, transcriptionally repressed or active areas occupy different nuclear compartments. Another new technique, named DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification), has strengthened the notion that transcriptionally repressed genes are often found in close association with the nuclear membrane, whereas transcriptionally active regions are found in the more central regions of the nucleus. However, in response to various stimuli, transcriptionally repressed regions are known to relocalize from the nuclear lamina to the interior of the nucleus, leading to a concomitant up-regulation of otherwise silenced genes. Taken together, these insights are of great interest for the relationship between chromosomal spatial organization and genome function. In the present article, we review recent advances in this field with a focus on mammalian cells and the eukaryotic model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
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spelling pubmed-38364142013-11-22 The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function Rodriguez, Alejandro Bjerling, Pernilla Biochem Soc Trans Independent Meeting During the last few years, there has been a rapid increase in our knowledge of how chromatin is organized inside the nucleus. Techniques such as FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) have proved that chromosomes organize themselves in so-called CTs (chromosome territories). In addition, newly developed 3C (chromatin conformation capture) techniques have revealed that certain chromosomal regions tend to interact with adjacent regions on either the same chromosome or adjacent chromosomes, and also that regions in close proximity are replicated simultaneously. Furthermore, transcriptionally repressed or active areas occupy different nuclear compartments. Another new technique, named DamID (DNA adenine methyltransferase identification), has strengthened the notion that transcriptionally repressed genes are often found in close association with the nuclear membrane, whereas transcriptionally active regions are found in the more central regions of the nucleus. However, in response to various stimuli, transcriptionally repressed regions are known to relocalize from the nuclear lamina to the interior of the nucleus, leading to a concomitant up-regulation of otherwise silenced genes. Taken together, these insights are of great interest for the relationship between chromosomal spatial organization and genome function. In the present article, we review recent advances in this field with a focus on mammalian cells and the eukaryotic model organism Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Portland Press Ltd. 2013-11-20 2013-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3836414/ /pubmed/24256267 http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20130213 Text en © 2013 The author(s) has paid for this article to be freely available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC-BY)(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Independent Meeting
Rodriguez, Alejandro
Bjerling, Pernilla
The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title_full The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title_fullStr The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title_full_unstemmed The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title_short The links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
title_sort links between chromatin spatial organization and biological function
topic Independent Meeting
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3836414/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24256267
http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BST20130213
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