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GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes

The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance wit...

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Autores principales: Miao, Dongmei, Guyer, K. Michelle, Dong, Fran, Jiang, Ling, Steck, Andrea K., Rewers, Marian, Eisenbarth, George S., Yu, Liping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Diabetes Association 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3837058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23974918
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db13-0534
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author Miao, Dongmei
Guyer, K. Michelle
Dong, Fran
Jiang, Ling
Steck, Andrea K.
Rewers, Marian
Eisenbarth, George S.
Yu, Liping
author_facet Miao, Dongmei
Guyer, K. Michelle
Dong, Fran
Jiang, Ling
Steck, Andrea K.
Rewers, Marian
Eisenbarth, George S.
Yu, Liping
author_sort Miao, Dongmei
collection PubMed
description The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance with standard radioassay. The assay was validated with serum samples from 227 newly diagnosed diabetic children; 68 prediabetic children who were prospectively followed to T1D; 130 nondiabetic children with confirmed islet autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, and/or ZnT8 longitudinally followed for 12 ± 3.7 years; and 181 age-matched, healthy, antibody-negative children. The ECL-GADA assay had a sensitivity similar to that of the standard GADA radioassay in children newly diagnosed with T1D, prediabetic children, and high-risk children with multiple positive islet autoantibodies. On the other hand, only 9 of 39 nondiabetic children with only a single islet autoantibody (GADA only) by radioassay were positive for ECL-GADA. GADA not detectable by ECL assay is shown to be of low affinity and likely not predictive of future diabetes. In conclusion, the new ECL assay identifies disease-relevant GADA by radioassay. It may help to improve the prediction and correct diagnosis of T1D among subjects positive only for GADA and no other islet autoantibodies.
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spelling pubmed-38370582014-12-01 GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes Miao, Dongmei Guyer, K. Michelle Dong, Fran Jiang, Ling Steck, Andrea K. Rewers, Marian Eisenbarth, George S. Yu, Liping Diabetes Original Research The identification of diabetes-relevant islet autoantibodies is essential for predicting and preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of the current study was to evaluate a newly developed electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-GAD antibody (GADA) assay and compare its sensitivity and disease relevance with standard radioassay. The assay was validated with serum samples from 227 newly diagnosed diabetic children; 68 prediabetic children who were prospectively followed to T1D; 130 nondiabetic children with confirmed islet autoantibodies to insulin, GAD65, IA-2, and/or ZnT8 longitudinally followed for 12 ± 3.7 years; and 181 age-matched, healthy, antibody-negative children. The ECL-GADA assay had a sensitivity similar to that of the standard GADA radioassay in children newly diagnosed with T1D, prediabetic children, and high-risk children with multiple positive islet autoantibodies. On the other hand, only 9 of 39 nondiabetic children with only a single islet autoantibody (GADA only) by radioassay were positive for ECL-GADA. GADA not detectable by ECL assay is shown to be of low affinity and likely not predictive of future diabetes. In conclusion, the new ECL assay identifies disease-relevant GADA by radioassay. It may help to improve the prediction and correct diagnosis of T1D among subjects positive only for GADA and no other islet autoantibodies. American Diabetes Association 2013-12 2013-11-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3837058/ /pubmed/23974918 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db13-0534 Text en © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
spellingShingle Original Research
Miao, Dongmei
Guyer, K. Michelle
Dong, Fran
Jiang, Ling
Steck, Andrea K.
Rewers, Marian
Eisenbarth, George S.
Yu, Liping
GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_fullStr GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_short GAD65 Autoantibodies Detected by Electrochemiluminescence Assay Identify High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes
title_sort gad65 autoantibodies detected by electrochemiluminescence assay identify high risk for type 1 diabetes
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3837058/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23974918
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/db13-0534
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