Localizing intramyocardially embedded left anterior descending artery during coronary bypass surgery: literature review

Proper detection of the deeply embedded left anterior descending artery remains a challenge. Many authors proposed different methods for artery identification, such as ultrasound Doppler, cineangiography, retrograde dissection overlying tissues, and exposure over the probe. Choice of the technique often depends on the surgeon's acquaintance and experience. The article compares and summarizes different procedures for the detection of intramyocardially located left anterior descending artery.