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The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism

Dyslipidemia has been frequently observed among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and factors related to HIV-1, the host, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are involved in this phenomenon. This study reviews the roles of genetic polymorphisms, HIV-1 infection, and...

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Autores principales: de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato, Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci, Kallaur, Ana Paula, Flauzino, Tamires, Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3844249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24319689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/836790
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author de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato
Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci
Kallaur, Ana Paula
Flauzino, Tamires
Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
author_facet de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato
Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci
Kallaur, Ana Paula
Flauzino, Tamires
Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
author_sort de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato
collection PubMed
description Dyslipidemia has been frequently observed among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and factors related to HIV-1, the host, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are involved in this phenomenon. This study reviews the roles of genetic polymorphisms, HIV-1 infection, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in lipid metabolism. Lipid abnormalities can vary according to the HAART regimen, such as those with protease inhibitors (PIs). However, genetic factors may also be involved in dyslipidemia because not all patients receiving the same HAART regimen and with comparable demographic, virological, and immunological characteristics develop variations in the lipid profile. Polymorphisms in a large number of genes are involved in the synthesis of structural proteins, and enzymes related to lipid metabolism account for variations in the lipid profile of each individual. As some genetic polymorphisms may cause dyslipidemia, these allele variants should be investigated in HIV-1-infected patients to identify individuals with an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia during treatment with HAART, particularly during therapy with PIs. This knowledge may guide individualized treatment decisions and lead to the development of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of dyslipidemia in these patients.
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spelling pubmed-38442492013-12-08 The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci Kallaur, Ana Paula Flauzino, Tamires Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara Biomed Res Int Review Article Dyslipidemia has been frequently observed among individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), and factors related to HIV-1, the host, and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are involved in this phenomenon. This study reviews the roles of genetic polymorphisms, HIV-1 infection, and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in lipid metabolism. Lipid abnormalities can vary according to the HAART regimen, such as those with protease inhibitors (PIs). However, genetic factors may also be involved in dyslipidemia because not all patients receiving the same HAART regimen and with comparable demographic, virological, and immunological characteristics develop variations in the lipid profile. Polymorphisms in a large number of genes are involved in the synthesis of structural proteins, and enzymes related to lipid metabolism account for variations in the lipid profile of each individual. As some genetic polymorphisms may cause dyslipidemia, these allele variants should be investigated in HIV-1-infected patients to identify individuals with an increased risk of developing dyslipidemia during treatment with HAART, particularly during therapy with PIs. This knowledge may guide individualized treatment decisions and lead to the development of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of dyslipidemia in these patients. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-11-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3844249/ /pubmed/24319689 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/836790 Text en Copyright © 2013 Elaine Regina Delicato de Almeida et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
de Almeida, Elaine Regina Delicato
Reiche, Edna Maria Vissoci
Kallaur, Ana Paula
Flauzino, Tamires
Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title_full The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title_fullStr The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title_full_unstemmed The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title_short The Roles of Genetic Polymorphisms and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Lipid Metabolism
title_sort roles of genetic polymorphisms and human immunodeficiency virus infection in lipid metabolism
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3844249/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24319689
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/836790
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