Cargando…

Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells

Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) and MDM2 proteins, together with p21 and p53, play important roles in cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair, and genome integrity maintenance. Gadd45 and MDM2 were activated and transcribed instantly by UV irradiation, whereas blueberry anthocyanins (B...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Liu, Wei, Lu, Xiangyi, He, Guangyang, Gao, Xiang, Xu, Maonian, Zhang, Jingkai, Li, Meiling, Wang, Lifeng, Li, Zhenjing, Wang, Likui, Luo, Cheng
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24177565
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms141121447
_version_ 1782294999888560128
author Liu, Wei
Lu, Xiangyi
He, Guangyang
Gao, Xiang
Xu, Maonian
Zhang, Jingkai
Li, Meiling
Wang, Lifeng
Li, Zhenjing
Wang, Likui
Luo, Cheng
author_facet Liu, Wei
Lu, Xiangyi
He, Guangyang
Gao, Xiang
Xu, Maonian
Zhang, Jingkai
Li, Meiling
Wang, Lifeng
Li, Zhenjing
Wang, Likui
Luo, Cheng
author_sort Liu, Wei
collection PubMed
description Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) and MDM2 proteins, together with p21 and p53, play important roles in cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair, and genome integrity maintenance. Gadd45 and MDM2 were activated and transcribed instantly by UV irradiation, whereas blueberry anthocyanins (BA) decreased the gene and protein expression levels in HepG2 cells for up to 24 h, and gradually restored the UV-induced fragmented and non-fragmented DNA damage of the nucleus at a time point of 12 h. Nevertheless, UV-irradiated HepG2 cell arrests occurred mainly in the G1 phase, which indicated G1 as a checkpoint. The proteins, p21 and p53, retain cellular integrity, suppressing the oncogenic transformation by interruption of the G1 phase of the cellular cycle, giving time for repairing the damage to DNA, or apoptosis induction if the damage is too severe to be repaired, while MDM2 and Gadd45 concomitantly ensure the presence of p53 and p21. Thus, we conclude that repair, together with Gadd45 and MDM2 genes, were involved in light and dark reaction mechanisms, however, BA could interfere and assist the repair through restoration, although further studies of the complex of the gene cascades triggered and responded to in BA-assisted DNA repair are needed.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3856014
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-38560142013-12-09 Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells Liu, Wei Lu, Xiangyi He, Guangyang Gao, Xiang Xu, Maonian Zhang, Jingkai Li, Meiling Wang, Lifeng Li, Zhenjing Wang, Likui Luo, Cheng Int J Mol Sci Article Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) and MDM2 proteins, together with p21 and p53, play important roles in cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair, and genome integrity maintenance. Gadd45 and MDM2 were activated and transcribed instantly by UV irradiation, whereas blueberry anthocyanins (BA) decreased the gene and protein expression levels in HepG2 cells for up to 24 h, and gradually restored the UV-induced fragmented and non-fragmented DNA damage of the nucleus at a time point of 12 h. Nevertheless, UV-irradiated HepG2 cell arrests occurred mainly in the G1 phase, which indicated G1 as a checkpoint. The proteins, p21 and p53, retain cellular integrity, suppressing the oncogenic transformation by interruption of the G1 phase of the cellular cycle, giving time for repairing the damage to DNA, or apoptosis induction if the damage is too severe to be repaired, while MDM2 and Gadd45 concomitantly ensure the presence of p53 and p21. Thus, we conclude that repair, together with Gadd45 and MDM2 genes, were involved in light and dark reaction mechanisms, however, BA could interfere and assist the repair through restoration, although further studies of the complex of the gene cascades triggered and responded to in BA-assisted DNA repair are needed. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013-10-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3856014/ /pubmed/24177565 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms141121447 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Liu, Wei
Lu, Xiangyi
He, Guangyang
Gao, Xiang
Xu, Maonian
Zhang, Jingkai
Li, Meiling
Wang, Lifeng
Li, Zhenjing
Wang, Likui
Luo, Cheng
Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title_full Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title_fullStr Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title_full_unstemmed Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title_short Protective Roles of Gadd45 and MDM2 in Blueberry Anthocyanins Mediated DNA Repair of Fragmented and Non-Fragmented DNA Damage in UV-Irradiated HepG2 Cells
title_sort protective roles of gadd45 and mdm2 in blueberry anthocyanins mediated dna repair of fragmented and non-fragmented dna damage in uv-irradiated hepg2 cells
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3856014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24177565
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms141121447
work_keys_str_mv AT liuwei protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT luxiangyi protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT heguangyang protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT gaoxiang protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT xumaonian protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT zhangjingkai protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT limeiling protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT wanglifeng protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT lizhenjing protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT wanglikui protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells
AT luocheng protectiverolesofgadd45andmdm2inblueberryanthocyaninsmediateddnarepairoffragmentedandnonfragmenteddnadamageinuvirradiatedhepg2cells