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Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides

The increasing number of antibiotic resistant bacteria motivates prospective research toward discovery of new antimicrobial active substances. There are, however, controversies concerning the cost-effectiveness of such research with regards to the description of new substances with novel cellular in...

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Autores principales: Tavares, Letícia S., Silva, Carolina S. F., de Souza, Vinicius C., da Silva, Vânia L., Diniz, Cláudio G., Santos, Marcelo O.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3876575/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24427156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00412
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author Tavares, Letícia S.
Silva, Carolina S. F.
de Souza, Vinicius C.
da Silva, Vânia L.
Diniz, Cláudio G.
Santos, Marcelo O.
author_facet Tavares, Letícia S.
Silva, Carolina S. F.
de Souza, Vinicius C.
da Silva, Vânia L.
Diniz, Cláudio G.
Santos, Marcelo O.
author_sort Tavares, Letícia S.
collection PubMed
description The increasing number of antibiotic resistant bacteria motivates prospective research toward discovery of new antimicrobial active substances. There are, however, controversies concerning the cost-effectiveness of such research with regards to the description of new substances with novel cellular interactions, or description of new uses of existing substances to overcome resistance. Although examination of bacteria isolated from remote locations with limited exposure to humans has revealed an absence of antibiotic resistance genes, it is accepted that these genes were both abundant and diverse in ancient living organisms, as detected in DNA recovered from Pleistocene deposits (30,000 years ago). Indeed, even before the first clinical use of antibiotics more than 60 years ago, resistant organisms had been isolated. Bacteria can exhibit different strategies for resistance against antibiotics. New genetic information may lead to the modification of protein structure affecting the antibiotic carriage into the cell, enzymatic inactivation of drugs, or even modification of cellular structure interfering in the drug-bacteria interaction. There are still plenty of new genes out there in the environment that can be appropriated by putative pathogenic bacteria to resist antimicrobial agents. On the other hand, there are several natural compounds with antibiotic activity that may be used to oppose them. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules which are wide-spread in all forms of life, from multi-cellular organisms to bacterial cells used to interfere with microbial growth. Several AMPs have been shown to be effective against multi-drug resistant bacteria and have low propensity to resistance development, probably due to their unique mode of action, different from well-known antimicrobial drugs. These substances may interact in different ways with bacterial cell membrane, protein synthesis, protein modulation, and protein folding. The analysis of bacterial transcriptome may contribute to the understanding of microbial strategies under different environmental stresses and allows the understanding of their interaction with novel AMPs.
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spelling pubmed-38765752014-01-14 Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides Tavares, Letícia S. Silva, Carolina S. F. de Souza, Vinicius C. da Silva, Vânia L. Diniz, Cláudio G. Santos, Marcelo O. Front Microbiol Microbiology The increasing number of antibiotic resistant bacteria motivates prospective research toward discovery of new antimicrobial active substances. There are, however, controversies concerning the cost-effectiveness of such research with regards to the description of new substances with novel cellular interactions, or description of new uses of existing substances to overcome resistance. Although examination of bacteria isolated from remote locations with limited exposure to humans has revealed an absence of antibiotic resistance genes, it is accepted that these genes were both abundant and diverse in ancient living organisms, as detected in DNA recovered from Pleistocene deposits (30,000 years ago). Indeed, even before the first clinical use of antibiotics more than 60 years ago, resistant organisms had been isolated. Bacteria can exhibit different strategies for resistance against antibiotics. New genetic information may lead to the modification of protein structure affecting the antibiotic carriage into the cell, enzymatic inactivation of drugs, or even modification of cellular structure interfering in the drug-bacteria interaction. There are still plenty of new genes out there in the environment that can be appropriated by putative pathogenic bacteria to resist antimicrobial agents. On the other hand, there are several natural compounds with antibiotic activity that may be used to oppose them. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are molecules which are wide-spread in all forms of life, from multi-cellular organisms to bacterial cells used to interfere with microbial growth. Several AMPs have been shown to be effective against multi-drug resistant bacteria and have low propensity to resistance development, probably due to their unique mode of action, different from well-known antimicrobial drugs. These substances may interact in different ways with bacterial cell membrane, protein synthesis, protein modulation, and protein folding. The analysis of bacterial transcriptome may contribute to the understanding of microbial strategies under different environmental stresses and allows the understanding of their interaction with novel AMPs. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3876575/ /pubmed/24427156 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00412 Text en Copyright © 2013 Tavares, Silva, de Souza, da Silva, Diniz and Santos. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Tavares, Letícia S.
Silva, Carolina S. F.
de Souza, Vinicius C.
da Silva, Vânia L.
Diniz, Cláudio G.
Santos, Marcelo O.
Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title_full Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title_fullStr Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title_full_unstemmed Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title_short Strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
title_sort strategies and molecular tools to fight antimicrobial resistance: resistome, transcriptome, and antimicrobial peptides
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3876575/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24427156
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00412
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