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The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling

Skilled tool use and object manipulation critically relies on the ability to scale anticipatorily the grip force (GF) in relation to object dynamics. This predictive behaviour entails that the nervous system is able to store, and then select, the appropriate internal representation of common object...

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Autores principales: White, Olivier, Davare, Marco, Andres, Michaël, Olivier, Etienne
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3877107/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24391832
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083812
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author White, Olivier
Davare, Marco
Andres, Michaël
Olivier, Etienne
author_facet White, Olivier
Davare, Marco
Andres, Michaël
Olivier, Etienne
author_sort White, Olivier
collection PubMed
description Skilled tool use and object manipulation critically relies on the ability to scale anticipatorily the grip force (GF) in relation to object dynamics. This predictive behaviour entails that the nervous system is able to store, and then select, the appropriate internal representation of common object dynamics, allowing GF to be applied in parallel with the arm motor commands. Although psychophysical studies have provided strong evidence supporting the existence of internal representations of object dynamics, known as “internal models”, their neural correlates are still debated. Because functional neuroimaging studies have repeatedly designated the supplementary motor area (SMA) as a possible candidate involved in internal model implementation, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to interfere with the normal functioning of left or right SMA in healthy participants performing a grip-lift task with either hand. TMS applied over the left, but not right, SMA yielded an increase in both GF and GF rate, irrespective of the hand used to perform the task, and only when TMS was delivered 130–180 ms before the fingers contacted the object. We also found that both left and right SMA rTMS led to a decrease in preload phase durations for contralateral hand movements. The present study suggests that left SMA is a crucial node in the network processing the internal representation of object dynamics although further experiments are required to rule out that TMS does not affect the GF gain. The present finding also further substantiates the left hemisphere dominance in scaling GF.
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spelling pubmed-38771072014-01-03 The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling White, Olivier Davare, Marco Andres, Michaël Olivier, Etienne PLoS One Research Article Skilled tool use and object manipulation critically relies on the ability to scale anticipatorily the grip force (GF) in relation to object dynamics. This predictive behaviour entails that the nervous system is able to store, and then select, the appropriate internal representation of common object dynamics, allowing GF to be applied in parallel with the arm motor commands. Although psychophysical studies have provided strong evidence supporting the existence of internal representations of object dynamics, known as “internal models”, their neural correlates are still debated. Because functional neuroimaging studies have repeatedly designated the supplementary motor area (SMA) as a possible candidate involved in internal model implementation, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to interfere with the normal functioning of left or right SMA in healthy participants performing a grip-lift task with either hand. TMS applied over the left, but not right, SMA yielded an increase in both GF and GF rate, irrespective of the hand used to perform the task, and only when TMS was delivered 130–180 ms before the fingers contacted the object. We also found that both left and right SMA rTMS led to a decrease in preload phase durations for contralateral hand movements. The present study suggests that left SMA is a crucial node in the network processing the internal representation of object dynamics although further experiments are required to rule out that TMS does not affect the GF gain. The present finding also further substantiates the left hemisphere dominance in scaling GF. Public Library of Science 2013-12-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3877107/ /pubmed/24391832 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083812 Text en © 2013 White et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
White, Olivier
Davare, Marco
Andres, Michaël
Olivier, Etienne
The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title_full The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title_fullStr The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title_short The Role of Left Supplementary Motor Area in Grip Force Scaling
title_sort role of left supplementary motor area in grip force scaling
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3877107/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24391832
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083812
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