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Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales

The Etruscan civilisation originated in the Villanovan Iron Age in the ninth century BC and was absorbed by Rome in the first century BC. Etruscan tombs, many of which are subterranean, are one of the best representations of this culture. The principal importance of these tombs, however, lies in the...

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Autores principales: Diaz-Herraiz, Marta, Jurado, Valme, Cuezva, Soledad, Laiz, Leonila, Pallecchi, Pasquino, Tiano, Piero, Sanchez-Moral, Sergio, Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3885883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24402302
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03610
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author Diaz-Herraiz, Marta
Jurado, Valme
Cuezva, Soledad
Laiz, Leonila
Pallecchi, Pasquino
Tiano, Piero
Sanchez-Moral, Sergio
Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
author_facet Diaz-Herraiz, Marta
Jurado, Valme
Cuezva, Soledad
Laiz, Leonila
Pallecchi, Pasquino
Tiano, Piero
Sanchez-Moral, Sergio
Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
author_sort Diaz-Herraiz, Marta
collection PubMed
description The Etruscan civilisation originated in the Villanovan Iron Age in the ninth century BC and was absorbed by Rome in the first century BC. Etruscan tombs, many of which are subterranean, are one of the best representations of this culture. The principal importance of these tombs, however, lies in the wall paintings and in the tradition of rich burial, which was unique in the Mediterranean Basin, with the exception of Egypt. Relatively little information is available concerning the biodeterioration of Etruscan tombs, which is caused by a colonisation that covers the paintings with white, circular to irregular aggregates of bacteria or biofilms that tend to connect each other. Thus, these colonisations sometimes cover extensive surfaces. Here we show that the colonisation of paintings in Tomba del Colle is primarily due to bacteria of the order Rhizobiales (Alphaproteobacteria), which were likely influenced by the neighbouring rhizosphere community and the availability of nutrients from root exudates.
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spelling pubmed-38858832014-01-09 Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales Diaz-Herraiz, Marta Jurado, Valme Cuezva, Soledad Laiz, Leonila Pallecchi, Pasquino Tiano, Piero Sanchez-Moral, Sergio Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo Sci Rep Article The Etruscan civilisation originated in the Villanovan Iron Age in the ninth century BC and was absorbed by Rome in the first century BC. Etruscan tombs, many of which are subterranean, are one of the best representations of this culture. The principal importance of these tombs, however, lies in the wall paintings and in the tradition of rich burial, which was unique in the Mediterranean Basin, with the exception of Egypt. Relatively little information is available concerning the biodeterioration of Etruscan tombs, which is caused by a colonisation that covers the paintings with white, circular to irregular aggregates of bacteria or biofilms that tend to connect each other. Thus, these colonisations sometimes cover extensive surfaces. Here we show that the colonisation of paintings in Tomba del Colle is primarily due to bacteria of the order Rhizobiales (Alphaproteobacteria), which were likely influenced by the neighbouring rhizosphere community and the availability of nutrients from root exudates. Nature Publishing Group 2014-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3885883/ /pubmed/24402302 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03610 Text en Copyright © 2014, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/
spellingShingle Article
Diaz-Herraiz, Marta
Jurado, Valme
Cuezva, Soledad
Laiz, Leonila
Pallecchi, Pasquino
Tiano, Piero
Sanchez-Moral, Sergio
Saiz-Jimenez, Cesareo
Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title_full Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title_fullStr Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title_full_unstemmed Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title_short Deterioration of an Etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order Rhizobiales
title_sort deterioration of an etruscan tomb by bacteria from the order rhizobiales
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3885883/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24402302
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep03610
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