Comparison of cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation after induction of anesthesia by Propofol and Etomidate

BACKGROUND: Etomidate and Propofol are common anesthetic agents. Previous studies say that Etomidate can be used in patients with limited hemodynamic reserve and Propofol can lead to more hemodynamic instabilities. This study was performed to explore the cardiovascular response during the induction of anesthesia with Etomidate or for comparison, Propofol in elective orthopedic surgeries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was a double-blinded randomized clinical trial study including patients 18-45 years of age that were admitted for elective orthopedic surgeries in 2012. 25consenting, ASA I (American Society of Anaesthesiologists), patients were evaluated randomly in two groups, and their cardiovascular responses including: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and O(2) saturation (O(2) sat) were measured before the laryngoscopy, during the anesthesia induction with Etomidate (0.3 mg/kg) in group A and propfol (2-2.5 mg/kg) in group B and at 1, 3, 5,10 min after the induction. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences between both groups regarding gender, age, body mass index, and laryngoscopic grade of patients (P > 0.05). Changes of SBP in the group B was significantly higher (P = 0.019). Furthermore, changes of the DBP was significantly higher in the group B (P = 0.001). The changes of MAP was higher in group B (P = 0.008). Hypotension happened in 26.1% of group B and 8% of group A (P = 0.09). There were no significant differences among groups A and B in terms of HR (P = 0.47) and O(2) sat (P = 0.21), tachycardia (P = 0.6), bradycardia (P = 0.66) and hypertension (P = 0.95). CONCLUSION: Since, patients receiving Etomidate have more stable hemodynamic condition, if there would be no contraindications, it could be preferred over Propofol for general anesthesia.