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A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes
BACKGROUND: High density lipoproteins (HDL) have many cardioprotective roles; however, in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) these cardioprotective properties are diminished. Conversely, increased fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake may reduce cardiovascular disease risk, although direct trial evi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24423117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-13-16 |
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author | Daniels, Jane-Ann Mulligan, Ciara McCance, David Woodside, Jayne V Patterson, Christopher Young, Ian S McEneny, Jane |
author_facet | Daniels, Jane-Ann Mulligan, Ciara McCance, David Woodside, Jayne V Patterson, Christopher Young, Ian S McEneny, Jane |
author_sort | Daniels, Jane-Ann |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: High density lipoproteins (HDL) have many cardioprotective roles; however, in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) these cardioprotective properties are diminished. Conversely, increased fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake may reduce cardiovascular disease risk, although direct trial evidence of a mechanism by which this occurs in subjects with T2D is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if increased F&V consumption influenced the carotenoid content and enzymes associated with the antioxidant properties of HDL in subjects with T2D. METHODS: Eighty obese subjects with T2D were randomised to a 1- or ≥6-portion/day F&V diet for 8-weeks. Fasting serum was collected pre- and post-intervention. HDL was subfractionated into HDL(2) and HDL(3) by rapid ultracentrifugation. Carotenoids were measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by high performance liquid chromatography. The activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) was measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by a spectrophotometric assay, while the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by a fluorometric assay. RESULTS: In the ≥6- vs. 1-portion post-intervention comparisons, carotenoids increased in serum, HDL(2) and particularly HDL(3), (α-carotene, p = 0.008; β-cryptoxanthin, p = 0.042; lutein, p = 0.012; lycopene, p = 0.016), as did the activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL(3) (p = 0.006 and 0.044, respectively). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study in subjects with T2D to demonstrate that increased F&V intake augmented the carotenoid content and influenced enzymes associated with the antioxidant properties of HDL. We suggest that these changes would enhance the cardioprotective properties of this lipoprotein. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN21676269 |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3898240 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38982402014-01-23 A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes Daniels, Jane-Ann Mulligan, Ciara McCance, David Woodside, Jayne V Patterson, Christopher Young, Ian S McEneny, Jane Cardiovasc Diabetol Original Investigation BACKGROUND: High density lipoproteins (HDL) have many cardioprotective roles; however, in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) these cardioprotective properties are diminished. Conversely, increased fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake may reduce cardiovascular disease risk, although direct trial evidence of a mechanism by which this occurs in subjects with T2D is lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine if increased F&V consumption influenced the carotenoid content and enzymes associated with the antioxidant properties of HDL in subjects with T2D. METHODS: Eighty obese subjects with T2D were randomised to a 1- or ≥6-portion/day F&V diet for 8-weeks. Fasting serum was collected pre- and post-intervention. HDL was subfractionated into HDL(2) and HDL(3) by rapid ultracentrifugation. Carotenoids were measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by high performance liquid chromatography. The activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) was measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by a spectrophotometric assay, while the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) was measured in serum, HDL(2) and HDL(3) by a fluorometric assay. RESULTS: In the ≥6- vs. 1-portion post-intervention comparisons, carotenoids increased in serum, HDL(2) and particularly HDL(3), (α-carotene, p = 0.008; β-cryptoxanthin, p = 0.042; lutein, p = 0.012; lycopene, p = 0.016), as did the activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL(3) (p = 0.006 and 0.044, respectively). CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study in subjects with T2D to demonstrate that increased F&V intake augmented the carotenoid content and influenced enzymes associated with the antioxidant properties of HDL. We suggest that these changes would enhance the cardioprotective properties of this lipoprotein. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN21676269 BioMed Central 2014-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3898240/ /pubmed/24423117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-13-16 Text en Copyright © 2014 Daniels et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Original Investigation Daniels, Jane-Ann Mulligan, Ciara McCance, David Woodside, Jayne V Patterson, Christopher Young, Ian S McEneny, Jane A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title | A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title_full | A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title_fullStr | A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title_full_unstemmed | A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title_short | A randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of PON-1 and LCAT in HDL from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
title_sort | randomised controlled trial of increasing fruit and vegetable intake and how this influences the carotenoid concentration and activities of pon-1 and lcat in hdl from subjects with type 2 diabetes |
topic | Original Investigation |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898240/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24423117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2840-13-16 |
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