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The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths
Objectives To better understand the burden of air pollution on deaths, we examined the effects of air pollutants on years of life lost (YLL) in Beijing, China. Design Retrospective regression analysis using daily time series. Setting 8 urban districts in Beijing, China. Participants 80 515 deaths (4...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f7139 |
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author | Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Tian, Zhaoxing Pan, Xiaochuan Zhang, Jinliang Williams, Gail |
author_facet | Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Tian, Zhaoxing Pan, Xiaochuan Zhang, Jinliang Williams, Gail |
author_sort | Guo, Yuming |
collection | PubMed |
description | Objectives To better understand the burden of air pollution on deaths, we examined the effects of air pollutants on years of life lost (YLL) in Beijing, China. Design Retrospective regression analysis using daily time series. Setting 8 urban districts in Beijing, China. Participants 80 515 deaths (48 802 male, 31 713 female) recorded by the Beijing death classification system during 2004-08. Main outcome measures Associations between daily YLL and ambient air pollutants (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM(2.5)), PM(10), SO(2), and NO(2)), after adjusting for long term trends, seasonality, day of the week, and weather conditions. We also examined mortality risk related to air pollutants. Results Mean concentrations of daily PM(2.5), PM(10), SO(2) and NO(2) were 105.1 μg/m(3), 144.6 μg/m(3), 48.6 μg/m(3), and 64.2 μg/m(3), respectively. All air pollutants had significant effects on years of life lost when we used single pollutant models. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM(2.5), PM(10), SO(2), and NO(2) was related to YLL increases of 15.8, 15.8, 16.2, and 15.1 years, respectively. The effects of air pollutants on YLL appeared acutely and lasted for two days (lag 0-1); these effects associated with an IQR increase in PM(2.5 )were greater in women than men (11.1 (95% confidence interval 4.7 to 17.5) v 4.7 (−2.9 to 12.3) YLL) and in people aged up to 65 years than those older than 65 years (12.0 (2.9 to 21) v 3.8 (−0.9 to 8.6) YLL). The mortality risk associated with an IQR increase in PM(2.5) was greater for people older than 65 years (2.5% (95% confidence interval 0.6% to 4.5%) increase of mortality) than those aged up to 65 years (0.7% (−0.8% to 2.2%)). Conclusions YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the effect of air pollutants on mortality. Increased YLL are associated with increased air pollution. This study highlights the need to reduce air pollution in Beijing, China, to protect the health of the population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3898659 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38986592014-02-19 The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Tian, Zhaoxing Pan, Xiaochuan Zhang, Jinliang Williams, Gail BMJ Research Objectives To better understand the burden of air pollution on deaths, we examined the effects of air pollutants on years of life lost (YLL) in Beijing, China. Design Retrospective regression analysis using daily time series. Setting 8 urban districts in Beijing, China. Participants 80 515 deaths (48 802 male, 31 713 female) recorded by the Beijing death classification system during 2004-08. Main outcome measures Associations between daily YLL and ambient air pollutants (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 µm (PM(2.5)), PM(10), SO(2), and NO(2)), after adjusting for long term trends, seasonality, day of the week, and weather conditions. We also examined mortality risk related to air pollutants. Results Mean concentrations of daily PM(2.5), PM(10), SO(2) and NO(2) were 105.1 μg/m(3), 144.6 μg/m(3), 48.6 μg/m(3), and 64.2 μg/m(3), respectively. All air pollutants had significant effects on years of life lost when we used single pollutant models. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM(2.5), PM(10), SO(2), and NO(2) was related to YLL increases of 15.8, 15.8, 16.2, and 15.1 years, respectively. The effects of air pollutants on YLL appeared acutely and lasted for two days (lag 0-1); these effects associated with an IQR increase in PM(2.5 )were greater in women than men (11.1 (95% confidence interval 4.7 to 17.5) v 4.7 (−2.9 to 12.3) YLL) and in people aged up to 65 years than those older than 65 years (12.0 (2.9 to 21) v 3.8 (−0.9 to 8.6) YLL). The mortality risk associated with an IQR increase in PM(2.5) was greater for people older than 65 years (2.5% (95% confidence interval 0.6% to 4.5%) increase of mortality) than those aged up to 65 years (0.7% (−0.8% to 2.2%)). Conclusions YLL provides a complementary measure for examining the effect of air pollutants on mortality. Increased YLL are associated with increased air pollution. This study highlights the need to reduce air pollution in Beijing, China, to protect the health of the population. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2013-12-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3898659/ /pubmed/24322399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f7139 Text en © Guo et al 2013 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. |
spellingShingle | Research Guo, Yuming Li, Shanshan Tian, Zhaoxing Pan, Xiaochuan Zhang, Jinliang Williams, Gail The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title | The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title_full | The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title_fullStr | The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title_full_unstemmed | The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title_short | The burden of air pollution on years of life lost in Beijing, China, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
title_sort | burden of air pollution on years of life lost in beijing, china, 2004-08: retrospective regression analysis of daily deaths |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3898659/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24322399 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f7139 |
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