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The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)-ation is a nonprotein posttranslational modification of proteins and plays an integral part in cell physiology and pathology. The metabolism of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is regulated by its synthesis by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and on the catabolic side by poly(ADP-ribose)...

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Autores principales: Blenn, Christian, Wyrsch, Philippe, Althaus, Felix R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2012
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899979/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24705085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes3040779
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author Blenn, Christian
Wyrsch, Philippe
Althaus, Felix R.
author_facet Blenn, Christian
Wyrsch, Philippe
Althaus, Felix R.
author_sort Blenn, Christian
collection PubMed
description Poly(ADP-ribosyl)-ation is a nonprotein posttranslational modification of proteins and plays an integral part in cell physiology and pathology. The metabolism of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is regulated by its synthesis by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and on the catabolic side by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). PARPs convert NAD(+) molecules into PAR chains that interact covalently or noncovalently with target proteins and thereby modify their structure and functions. PAR synthesis is activated when PARP1 and PARP2 bind to DNA breaks and these two enzymes account for almost all PAR formation after genotoxic stress. PARG cleaves PAR molecules into free PAR and finally ADP-ribose (ADPR) moieties, both acting as messengers in cellular stress signaling. In this review, we discuss the potential of RNAi to manipulate the levels of PARPs and PARG, and consequently those of PAR and ADPR, and compare the results with those obtained after genetic or chemical disruption.
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spelling pubmed-38999792014-03-26 The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research Blenn, Christian Wyrsch, Philippe Althaus, Felix R. Genes (Basel) Review Poly(ADP-ribosyl)-ation is a nonprotein posttranslational modification of proteins and plays an integral part in cell physiology and pathology. The metabolism of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) is regulated by its synthesis by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) and on the catabolic side by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). PARPs convert NAD(+) molecules into PAR chains that interact covalently or noncovalently with target proteins and thereby modify their structure and functions. PAR synthesis is activated when PARP1 and PARP2 bind to DNA breaks and these two enzymes account for almost all PAR formation after genotoxic stress. PARG cleaves PAR molecules into free PAR and finally ADP-ribose (ADPR) moieties, both acting as messengers in cellular stress signaling. In this review, we discuss the potential of RNAi to manipulate the levels of PARPs and PARG, and consequently those of PAR and ADPR, and compare the results with those obtained after genetic or chemical disruption. MDPI 2012-12-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3899979/ /pubmed/24705085 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes3040779 Text en © 2012 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Blenn, Christian
Wyrsch, Philippe
Althaus, Felix R.
The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title_full The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title_fullStr The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title_full_unstemmed The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title_short The Sound of Silence: RNAi in Poly (ADP-Ribose) Research
title_sort sound of silence: rnai in poly (adp-ribose) research
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3899979/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24705085
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes3040779
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