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The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea
Marine Synechococcus is a principal component of the picophytoplankton and makes an important contribution to primary productivity in the ocean. Synechophages, infecting Synechococcus, are believed to have significant influences on the distribution and abundance of their hosts. Extensive previous ec...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Public Library of Science
2014
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3900582/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24466184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086644 |
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author | Zheng, Qiang Jiao, Nianzhi Zhang, Rui Wei, Jingjing Zhang, Fei |
author_facet | Zheng, Qiang Jiao, Nianzhi Zhang, Rui Wei, Jingjing Zhang, Fei |
author_sort | Zheng, Qiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Marine Synechococcus is a principal component of the picophytoplankton and makes an important contribution to primary productivity in the ocean. Synechophages, infecting Synechococcus, are believed to have significant influences on the distribution and abundance of their hosts. Extensive previous ecological studies on cyanobacteria and viruses have been carried out in the East China Sea (ECS). Here we investigate the diversity and divergence of Synechococcus and their myoviruses (Synechomyoviruses) based on their shared photosynthesis psbA gene. Synechococcus is dominated by subclades 5.1A I, 5.1A II and 5.1A IV in the ECS, and clades I and II are the dominant groups in the Synechomyoviruses. As two phylogenetically independent clades, there is much higher diversity of the Synechomyoviruses than Synechococcus. Obvious partitioning characteristics of GC and GC3 (the GC content at the third codon position) contents are obtained among different picophytoplankton populations and their phages. The GC3 content causes the psbA gene in Synechococcus to have a higher GC content, while the opposite is true in the Synechomyoviruses. Analyzing more than one-time difference of the codon usage frequency of psbA sequences, the third position nucleotides of preferred codons for Synechococcus are all G and C, while most Synechomyoviral sequences (72.7%) have A and T at the third position of their preferred codons. This work shed light on the ecology and evolution of phage-host interactions in the environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3900582 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39005822014-01-24 The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea Zheng, Qiang Jiao, Nianzhi Zhang, Rui Wei, Jingjing Zhang, Fei PLoS One Research Article Marine Synechococcus is a principal component of the picophytoplankton and makes an important contribution to primary productivity in the ocean. Synechophages, infecting Synechococcus, are believed to have significant influences on the distribution and abundance of their hosts. Extensive previous ecological studies on cyanobacteria and viruses have been carried out in the East China Sea (ECS). Here we investigate the diversity and divergence of Synechococcus and their myoviruses (Synechomyoviruses) based on their shared photosynthesis psbA gene. Synechococcus is dominated by subclades 5.1A I, 5.1A II and 5.1A IV in the ECS, and clades I and II are the dominant groups in the Synechomyoviruses. As two phylogenetically independent clades, there is much higher diversity of the Synechomyoviruses than Synechococcus. Obvious partitioning characteristics of GC and GC3 (the GC content at the third codon position) contents are obtained among different picophytoplankton populations and their phages. The GC3 content causes the psbA gene in Synechococcus to have a higher GC content, while the opposite is true in the Synechomyoviruses. Analyzing more than one-time difference of the codon usage frequency of psbA sequences, the third position nucleotides of preferred codons for Synechococcus are all G and C, while most Synechomyoviral sequences (72.7%) have A and T at the third position of their preferred codons. This work shed light on the ecology and evolution of phage-host interactions in the environment. Public Library of Science 2014-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3900582/ /pubmed/24466184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086644 Text en © 2014 Zheng et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zheng, Qiang Jiao, Nianzhi Zhang, Rui Wei, Jingjing Zhang, Fei The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title | The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title_full | The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title_fullStr | The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title_full_unstemmed | The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title_short | The Evolutionary Divergence of psbA Gene in Synechococcus and Their Myoviruses in the East China Sea |
title_sort | evolutionary divergence of psba gene in synechococcus and their myoviruses in the east china sea |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3900582/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24466184 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086644 |
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