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Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms

The molecular mechanisms through which alternative splicing and histone modifications regulate gene expression are now understood in considerable detail. Here, we discuss recent studies that connect these two previously separate avenues of investigation, beginning with the unexpected discoveries tha...

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Autores principales: Zhou, Hua-Lin, Luo, Guangbin, Wise, Jo Ann, Lou, Hua
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24081581
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt875
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author Zhou, Hua-Lin
Luo, Guangbin
Wise, Jo Ann
Lou, Hua
author_facet Zhou, Hua-Lin
Luo, Guangbin
Wise, Jo Ann
Lou, Hua
author_sort Zhou, Hua-Lin
collection PubMed
description The molecular mechanisms through which alternative splicing and histone modifications regulate gene expression are now understood in considerable detail. Here, we discuss recent studies that connect these two previously separate avenues of investigation, beginning with the unexpected discoveries that nucleosomes are preferentially positioned over exons and DNA methylation and certain histone modifications also show exonic enrichment. These findings have profound implications linking chromatin structure, histone modification and splicing regulation. Complementary single gene studies provided insight into the mechanisms through which DNA methylation and histones modifications modulate alternative splicing patterns. Here, we review an emerging theme resulting from these studies: RNA-guided mechanisms integrating chromatin modification and splicing. Several groundbreaking papers reported that small noncoding RNAs affect alternative exon usage by targeting histone methyltransferase complexes to form localized facultative heterochromatin. More recent studies provided evidence that pre-messenger RNA itself can serve as a guide to enable precise alternative splicing regulation via local recruitment of histone-modifying enzymes, and emerging evidence points to a similar role for long noncoding RNAs. An exciting challenge for the future is to understand the impact of local modulation of transcription elongation rates on the dynamic interplay between histone modifications, alternative splicing and other processes occurring on chromatin.
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spelling pubmed-39028992014-01-27 Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms Zhou, Hua-Lin Luo, Guangbin Wise, Jo Ann Lou, Hua Nucleic Acids Res Survey and Summary The molecular mechanisms through which alternative splicing and histone modifications regulate gene expression are now understood in considerable detail. Here, we discuss recent studies that connect these two previously separate avenues of investigation, beginning with the unexpected discoveries that nucleosomes are preferentially positioned over exons and DNA methylation and certain histone modifications also show exonic enrichment. These findings have profound implications linking chromatin structure, histone modification and splicing regulation. Complementary single gene studies provided insight into the mechanisms through which DNA methylation and histones modifications modulate alternative splicing patterns. Here, we review an emerging theme resulting from these studies: RNA-guided mechanisms integrating chromatin modification and splicing. Several groundbreaking papers reported that small noncoding RNAs affect alternative exon usage by targeting histone methyltransferase complexes to form localized facultative heterochromatin. More recent studies provided evidence that pre-messenger RNA itself can serve as a guide to enable precise alternative splicing regulation via local recruitment of histone-modifying enzymes, and emerging evidence points to a similar role for long noncoding RNAs. An exciting challenge for the future is to understand the impact of local modulation of transcription elongation rates on the dynamic interplay between histone modifications, alternative splicing and other processes occurring on chromatin. Oxford University Press 2014-01 2013-09-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3902899/ /pubmed/24081581 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt875 Text en © The Author(s) 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Survey and Summary
Zhou, Hua-Lin
Luo, Guangbin
Wise, Jo Ann
Lou, Hua
Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title_full Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title_fullStr Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title_short Regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for RNA-guided mechanisms
title_sort regulation of alternative splicing by local histone modifications: potential roles for rna-guided mechanisms
topic Survey and Summary
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3902899/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24081581
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkt875
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