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Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to estimate genetic parameters for direct and social genetic effects (SGE) for growth and welfare traits in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). A SGE refers to the effect of an individual’s genes on trait performance of its social partners. In total, 2100 individ...

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Autores principales: Nielsen, Hanne M, Monsen, Brage B, Ødegård, Jørgen, Bijma, Piter, Damsgård, Børge, Toften, Hilde, Olesen, Ingrid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3906861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24461041
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-46-5
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author Nielsen, Hanne M
Monsen, Brage B
Ødegård, Jørgen
Bijma, Piter
Damsgård, Børge
Toften, Hilde
Olesen, Ingrid
author_facet Nielsen, Hanne M
Monsen, Brage B
Ødegård, Jørgen
Bijma, Piter
Damsgård, Børge
Toften, Hilde
Olesen, Ingrid
author_sort Nielsen, Hanne M
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to estimate genetic parameters for direct and social genetic effects (SGE) for growth and welfare traits in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). A SGE refers to the effect of an individual’s genes on trait performance of its social partners. In total, 2100 individually tagged juveniles from 100 families at an average age of 222 days post-hatching were used. Each family was separated into three groups of seven fish, and were randomly assigned to 100 experimental tanks, together with fish from two other families. Body weight and length of the first, second and third dorsal fin and the caudal fin measured by digital image analysis were measured at the start of the experiment, after two weeks, and after six weeks. Fin erosion was scored subjectively after six weeks. Variance components estimated using a conventional animal model were compared to those of an animal model including a SGE. RESULTS: Heritabilities from the conventional animal model ranged from 0.24 to 0.34 for body weight and 0.05 to 0.80 for fin length. Heritabilities for fin erosion were highest for the first dorsal fin (0.83 ± 0.08, mean ± standard error) and lowest for the third dorsal fin (0.01 ± 0.04). No significant SGE were found for body weight, whereas SGE for fin lengths were significant after two and six weeks. Contributions to the total heritable variance were equal to 21.5% (6.1 ± 2.1) for the direct effect, 33.1% (9.4 ± 3.2) for the direct-social covariance, and 45.4% (12.9 ± 4.1) for the social variance for length of the first dorsal fin. For fin erosion, SGE were only significant for the second and third dorsal fin. CONCLUSIONS: Including SGE for fin length and fin erosion in the animal model increased the estimated heritable variation. However, estimates of total heritable variances were inaccurate and a larger experiment is needed to accurately quantify total heritable variance. Despite this, our results demonstrate that considering social breeding values for fin length or fin erosion when selecting fish will enable us to improve response to selection for welfare traits in Atlantic cod juveniles.
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spelling pubmed-39068612014-02-12 Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) Nielsen, Hanne M Monsen, Brage B Ødegård, Jørgen Bijma, Piter Damsgård, Børge Toften, Hilde Olesen, Ingrid Genet Sel Evol Research BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to estimate genetic parameters for direct and social genetic effects (SGE) for growth and welfare traits in farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). A SGE refers to the effect of an individual’s genes on trait performance of its social partners. In total, 2100 individually tagged juveniles from 100 families at an average age of 222 days post-hatching were used. Each family was separated into three groups of seven fish, and were randomly assigned to 100 experimental tanks, together with fish from two other families. Body weight and length of the first, second and third dorsal fin and the caudal fin measured by digital image analysis were measured at the start of the experiment, after two weeks, and after six weeks. Fin erosion was scored subjectively after six weeks. Variance components estimated using a conventional animal model were compared to those of an animal model including a SGE. RESULTS: Heritabilities from the conventional animal model ranged from 0.24 to 0.34 for body weight and 0.05 to 0.80 for fin length. Heritabilities for fin erosion were highest for the first dorsal fin (0.83 ± 0.08, mean ± standard error) and lowest for the third dorsal fin (0.01 ± 0.04). No significant SGE were found for body weight, whereas SGE for fin lengths were significant after two and six weeks. Contributions to the total heritable variance were equal to 21.5% (6.1 ± 2.1) for the direct effect, 33.1% (9.4 ± 3.2) for the direct-social covariance, and 45.4% (12.9 ± 4.1) for the social variance for length of the first dorsal fin. For fin erosion, SGE were only significant for the second and third dorsal fin. CONCLUSIONS: Including SGE for fin length and fin erosion in the animal model increased the estimated heritable variation. However, estimates of total heritable variances were inaccurate and a larger experiment is needed to accurately quantify total heritable variance. Despite this, our results demonstrate that considering social breeding values for fin length or fin erosion when selecting fish will enable us to improve response to selection for welfare traits in Atlantic cod juveniles. BioMed Central 2014-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3906861/ /pubmed/24461041 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-46-5 Text en Copyright © 2014 Nielsen et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Nielsen, Hanne M
Monsen, Brage B
Ødegård, Jørgen
Bijma, Piter
Damsgård, Børge
Toften, Hilde
Olesen, Ingrid
Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title_full Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title_fullStr Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title_full_unstemmed Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title_short Direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
title_sort direct and social genetic parameters for growth and fin damage traits in atlantic cod (gadus morhua)
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3906861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24461041
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-46-5
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