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Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis

BACKGROUND: Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a major public health epidemic killing thousands of people daily. Low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil, have the highest annual rates of road traffic fatalities. In order to improve road safety, this study mapped road traffic fatalities on a Bra...

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Autores principales: de Andrade, Luciano, Vissoci, João Ricardo Nickenig, Rodrigues, Clarissa Garcia, Finato, Karen, Carvalho, Elias, Pietrobon, Ricardo, de Souza, Eniuce Menezes, Nihei, Oscar Kenji, Lynch, Catherine, de Barros Carvalho, Maria Dalva
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087244
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author de Andrade, Luciano
Vissoci, João Ricardo Nickenig
Rodrigues, Clarissa Garcia
Finato, Karen
Carvalho, Elias
Pietrobon, Ricardo
de Souza, Eniuce Menezes
Nihei, Oscar Kenji
Lynch, Catherine
de Barros Carvalho, Maria Dalva
author_facet de Andrade, Luciano
Vissoci, João Ricardo Nickenig
Rodrigues, Clarissa Garcia
Finato, Karen
Carvalho, Elias
Pietrobon, Ricardo
de Souza, Eniuce Menezes
Nihei, Oscar Kenji
Lynch, Catherine
de Barros Carvalho, Maria Dalva
author_sort de Andrade, Luciano
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a major public health epidemic killing thousands of people daily. Low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil, have the highest annual rates of road traffic fatalities. In order to improve road safety, this study mapped road traffic fatalities on a Brazilian highway to determine the main environmental factors affecting road traffic fatalities. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Four techniques were utilized to identify and analyze RTI hotspots. We used spatial analysis by points by applying kernel density estimator, and wavelet analysis to identify the main hot regions. Additionally, built environment analysis, and principal component analysis were conducted to verify patterns contributing to crash occurrence in the hotspots. Between 2007 and 2009, 379 crashes were notified, with 466 fatalities on BR277. Higher incidence of crashes occurred on sections of highway with double lanes (ratio 2∶1). The hotspot analysis demonstrated that both the eastern and western regions had higher incidences of crashes when compared to the central region. Through the built environment analysis, we have identified five different patterns, demonstrating that specific environmental characteristics are associated with different types of fatal crashes. Patterns 2 and 4 are constituted mainly by predominantly urban characteristics and have frequent fatal pedestrian crashes. Patterns 1, 3 and 5 display mainly rural characteristics and have higher prevalence of vehicular collisions. In the built environment analysis, the variables length of road in urban area, limited lighting, double lanes roadways, and less auxiliary lanes were associated with a higher incidence of fatal crashes. CONCLUSIONS: By combining different techniques of analyses, we have identified numerous hotspots and environmental characteristics, which governmental or regulatory agencies could make use to plan strategies to reduce RTI and support life-saving policies.
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spelling pubmed-39075222014-02-04 Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis de Andrade, Luciano Vissoci, João Ricardo Nickenig Rodrigues, Clarissa Garcia Finato, Karen Carvalho, Elias Pietrobon, Ricardo de Souza, Eniuce Menezes Nihei, Oscar Kenji Lynch, Catherine de Barros Carvalho, Maria Dalva PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a major public health epidemic killing thousands of people daily. Low and middle-income countries, such as Brazil, have the highest annual rates of road traffic fatalities. In order to improve road safety, this study mapped road traffic fatalities on a Brazilian highway to determine the main environmental factors affecting road traffic fatalities. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Four techniques were utilized to identify and analyze RTI hotspots. We used spatial analysis by points by applying kernel density estimator, and wavelet analysis to identify the main hot regions. Additionally, built environment analysis, and principal component analysis were conducted to verify patterns contributing to crash occurrence in the hotspots. Between 2007 and 2009, 379 crashes were notified, with 466 fatalities on BR277. Higher incidence of crashes occurred on sections of highway with double lanes (ratio 2∶1). The hotspot analysis demonstrated that both the eastern and western regions had higher incidences of crashes when compared to the central region. Through the built environment analysis, we have identified five different patterns, demonstrating that specific environmental characteristics are associated with different types of fatal crashes. Patterns 2 and 4 are constituted mainly by predominantly urban characteristics and have frequent fatal pedestrian crashes. Patterns 1, 3 and 5 display mainly rural characteristics and have higher prevalence of vehicular collisions. In the built environment analysis, the variables length of road in urban area, limited lighting, double lanes roadways, and less auxiliary lanes were associated with a higher incidence of fatal crashes. CONCLUSIONS: By combining different techniques of analyses, we have identified numerous hotspots and environmental characteristics, which governmental or regulatory agencies could make use to plan strategies to reduce RTI and support life-saving policies. Public Library of Science 2014-01-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3907522/ /pubmed/24498051 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087244 Text en © 2014 de Andrade et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
de Andrade, Luciano
Vissoci, João Ricardo Nickenig
Rodrigues, Clarissa Garcia
Finato, Karen
Carvalho, Elias
Pietrobon, Ricardo
de Souza, Eniuce Menezes
Nihei, Oscar Kenji
Lynch, Catherine
de Barros Carvalho, Maria Dalva
Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title_full Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title_fullStr Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title_short Brazilian Road Traffic Fatalities: A Spatial and Environmental Analysis
title_sort brazilian road traffic fatalities: a spatial and environmental analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3907522/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24498051
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087244
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