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A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease

BACKGROUND: Sheeppoxvirus (SPPV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, which causes significant economic losses in Morocco. The resurgence of the sheeppox disease during 2010 was characterized by an emergence of a classical nodular form for the first time in Morocco. Howev...

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Autores principales: Zro, Khalil, Zakham, Fathiah, Melloul, Marouane, El Fahime, Elmostafa, Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24467833
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-31
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author Zro, Khalil
Zakham, Fathiah
Melloul, Marouane
El Fahime, Elmostafa
Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha
author_facet Zro, Khalil
Zakham, Fathiah
Melloul, Marouane
El Fahime, Elmostafa
Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha
author_sort Zro, Khalil
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Sheeppoxvirus (SPPV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, which causes significant economic losses in Morocco. The resurgence of the sheeppox disease during 2010 was characterized by an emergence of a classical nodular form for the first time in Morocco. However, little is known about the virus strain responsible for nodular form. In this study, thirty three sheep, from the eastern region of Morocco, clinically infected were examined and dead animals were autopsied. A rapid diagnostic assay for SPPV using different type of clinical samples would be useful for outbreak management. The aim of this work was to isolate the virus strain responsible for nodular form and we identified and compared by phylogenetic analysis the field strain with Moroccan vaccine strain targeting the thymidine kinase (TK) gene and the chemokine analogue receptor of interleukin (IL8) gene. Further, it was important to investigate and validate a real-time PCR using different clinical and post-mortem samples to manage epidemic sheeppox disease. RESULTS: The nodular form of sheeppox disease observed in Morocco was clinically characterized by fever, depression, lacrimation, diarrhea in lambs and nodule. At necropsy, the most affected organ was the lung. The etiological strain was successfully isolated from lung nodule in a dead lamb and was identified by using real-time PCR that has been tested and validated on different types of clinical and post mortem samples from naturally infected animals. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of TK and IL8 gene showed that there was a very close relationship between field and vaccine strain. They were clustered within other SPPV strains. CONCLUSION: In the current study, we show for the first time the nodular form of sheeppox in Morocco. We demonstrate a robust real-time PCR-based diagnostic assay to detect the sheeppox virus in multiple sample that can be implemented to efficiently manage the disease outbreak. Our study also offers the prospect for future molecular studies to understand the clinical forms.
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spelling pubmed-39221662014-02-13 A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease Zro, Khalil Zakham, Fathiah Melloul, Marouane El Fahime, Elmostafa Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: Sheeppoxvirus (SPPV) is a member of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, which causes significant economic losses in Morocco. The resurgence of the sheeppox disease during 2010 was characterized by an emergence of a classical nodular form for the first time in Morocco. However, little is known about the virus strain responsible for nodular form. In this study, thirty three sheep, from the eastern region of Morocco, clinically infected were examined and dead animals were autopsied. A rapid diagnostic assay for SPPV using different type of clinical samples would be useful for outbreak management. The aim of this work was to isolate the virus strain responsible for nodular form and we identified and compared by phylogenetic analysis the field strain with Moroccan vaccine strain targeting the thymidine kinase (TK) gene and the chemokine analogue receptor of interleukin (IL8) gene. Further, it was important to investigate and validate a real-time PCR using different clinical and post-mortem samples to manage epidemic sheeppox disease. RESULTS: The nodular form of sheeppox disease observed in Morocco was clinically characterized by fever, depression, lacrimation, diarrhea in lambs and nodule. At necropsy, the most affected organ was the lung. The etiological strain was successfully isolated from lung nodule in a dead lamb and was identified by using real-time PCR that has been tested and validated on different types of clinical and post mortem samples from naturally infected animals. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of TK and IL8 gene showed that there was a very close relationship between field and vaccine strain. They were clustered within other SPPV strains. CONCLUSION: In the current study, we show for the first time the nodular form of sheeppox in Morocco. We demonstrate a robust real-time PCR-based diagnostic assay to detect the sheeppox virus in multiple sample that can be implemented to efficiently manage the disease outbreak. Our study also offers the prospect for future molecular studies to understand the clinical forms. BioMed Central 2014-01-27 /pmc/articles/PMC3922166/ /pubmed/24467833 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-31 Text en Copyright © 2014 Zro et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Zro, Khalil
Zakham, Fathiah
Melloul, Marouane
El Fahime, Elmostafa
Ennaji, Moulay Mustapha
A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title_full A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title_fullStr A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title_full_unstemmed A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title_short A sheeppox outbreak in Morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
title_sort sheeppox outbreak in morocco: isolation and identification of virus responsible for the new clinical form of disease
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3922166/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24467833
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-31
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