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Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension

Actomyosin contraction generates mechanical forces that influence cell and tissue structure. During convergent extension in Drosophila melanogaster, the spatially regulated activity of the myosin activator Rho-kinase promotes actomyosin contraction at specific planar cell boundaries to produce polar...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Simões, Sérgio de Matos, Mainieri, Avantika, Zallen, Jennifer A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Rockefeller University Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24535826
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201307070
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author Simões, Sérgio de Matos
Mainieri, Avantika
Zallen, Jennifer A.
author_facet Simões, Sérgio de Matos
Mainieri, Avantika
Zallen, Jennifer A.
author_sort Simões, Sérgio de Matos
collection PubMed
description Actomyosin contraction generates mechanical forces that influence cell and tissue structure. During convergent extension in Drosophila melanogaster, the spatially regulated activity of the myosin activator Rho-kinase promotes actomyosin contraction at specific planar cell boundaries to produce polarized cell rearrangement. The mechanisms that direct localized Rho-kinase activity are not well understood. We show that Rho GTPase recruits Rho-kinase to adherens junctions and is required for Rho-kinase planar polarity. Shroom, an asymmetrically localized actin- and Rho-kinase–binding protein, amplifies Rho-kinase and myosin II planar polarity and junctional localization downstream of Rho signaling. In Shroom mutants, Rho-kinase and myosin II achieve reduced levels of planar polarity, resulting in decreased junctional tension, a disruption of multicellular rosette formation, and defective convergent extension. These results indicate that Rho GTPase activity is required to establish a planar polarized actomyosin network, and the Shroom actin-binding protein enhances myosin contractility locally to generate robust mechanical forces during axis elongation.
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spelling pubmed-39269662014-08-17 Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension Simões, Sérgio de Matos Mainieri, Avantika Zallen, Jennifer A. J Cell Biol Research Articles Actomyosin contraction generates mechanical forces that influence cell and tissue structure. During convergent extension in Drosophila melanogaster, the spatially regulated activity of the myosin activator Rho-kinase promotes actomyosin contraction at specific planar cell boundaries to produce polarized cell rearrangement. The mechanisms that direct localized Rho-kinase activity are not well understood. We show that Rho GTPase recruits Rho-kinase to adherens junctions and is required for Rho-kinase planar polarity. Shroom, an asymmetrically localized actin- and Rho-kinase–binding protein, amplifies Rho-kinase and myosin II planar polarity and junctional localization downstream of Rho signaling. In Shroom mutants, Rho-kinase and myosin II achieve reduced levels of planar polarity, resulting in decreased junctional tension, a disruption of multicellular rosette formation, and defective convergent extension. These results indicate that Rho GTPase activity is required to establish a planar polarized actomyosin network, and the Shroom actin-binding protein enhances myosin contractility locally to generate robust mechanical forces during axis elongation. The Rockefeller University Press 2014-02-17 /pmc/articles/PMC3926966/ /pubmed/24535826 http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201307070 Text en © 2014 Simões et al. This article is distributed under the terms of an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike–No Mirror Sites license for the first six months after the publication date (see http://www.rupress.org/terms). After six months it is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
spellingShingle Research Articles
Simões, Sérgio de Matos
Mainieri, Avantika
Zallen, Jennifer A.
Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title_full Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title_fullStr Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title_full_unstemmed Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title_short Rho GTPase and Shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
title_sort rho gtpase and shroom direct planar polarized actomyosin contractility during convergent extension
topic Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3926966/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24535826
http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201307070
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