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Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery

Programs to rebuild imperiled wild fish populations often include hatchery-born fish derived from wild populations to supplement natural spawner abundance. These programs require monitoring to determine their demographic, biological, and genetic effects. In 1990s in Washington State, the Summer Chum...

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Autores principales: Small, Maureen P, Johnson, Thom H, Bowman, Cherril, Martinez, Edith
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3927888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24567747
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12118
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author Small, Maureen P
Johnson, Thom H
Bowman, Cherril
Martinez, Edith
author_facet Small, Maureen P
Johnson, Thom H
Bowman, Cherril
Martinez, Edith
author_sort Small, Maureen P
collection PubMed
description Programs to rebuild imperiled wild fish populations often include hatchery-born fish derived from wild populations to supplement natural spawner abundance. These programs require monitoring to determine their demographic, biological, and genetic effects. In 1990s in Washington State, the Summer Chum Salmon Conservation Initiative developed a recovery program for the threatened Hood Canal summer chum salmon Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (the metapopulation) that used in-river spawners (wild fish) for each respective supplementation broodstock in six tributaries. Returning spawners (wild-born and hatchery-born) composed subsequent broodstocks, and tributary-specific supplementation was limited to three generations. We assessed impacts of the programs on neutral genetic diversity in this metapopulation using 16 microsatellite loci and a thirty-year dataset spanning before and after supplementation, roughly eight generations. Following supplementation, differentiation among subpopulations decreased (but not significantly) and isolation by distance patterns remained unchanged. There was no decline in genetic diversity in wild-born fish, but hatchery-born fish sampled in the same spawning areas had significantly lower genetic diversity and unequal family representation. Despite potential for negative effects from supplementation programs, few were detected in wild-born fish. We hypothesize that chum salmon natural history makes them less vulnerable to negative impacts from hatchery supplementation.
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spelling pubmed-39278882014-02-24 Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery Small, Maureen P Johnson, Thom H Bowman, Cherril Martinez, Edith Evol Appl Original Article Programs to rebuild imperiled wild fish populations often include hatchery-born fish derived from wild populations to supplement natural spawner abundance. These programs require monitoring to determine their demographic, biological, and genetic effects. In 1990s in Washington State, the Summer Chum Salmon Conservation Initiative developed a recovery program for the threatened Hood Canal summer chum salmon Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (the metapopulation) that used in-river spawners (wild fish) for each respective supplementation broodstock in six tributaries. Returning spawners (wild-born and hatchery-born) composed subsequent broodstocks, and tributary-specific supplementation was limited to three generations. We assessed impacts of the programs on neutral genetic diversity in this metapopulation using 16 microsatellite loci and a thirty-year dataset spanning before and after supplementation, roughly eight generations. Following supplementation, differentiation among subpopulations decreased (but not significantly) and isolation by distance patterns remained unchanged. There was no decline in genetic diversity in wild-born fish, but hatchery-born fish sampled in the same spawning areas had significantly lower genetic diversity and unequal family representation. Despite potential for negative effects from supplementation programs, few were detected in wild-born fish. We hypothesize that chum salmon natural history makes them less vulnerable to negative impacts from hatchery supplementation. John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2014-02 2013-11-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3927888/ /pubmed/24567747 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12118 Text en © 2013 The Authors. Evolutionary Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Small, Maureen P
Johnson, Thom H
Bowman, Cherril
Martinez, Edith
Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title_full Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title_fullStr Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title_full_unstemmed Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title_short Genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
title_sort genetic assessment of a summer chum salmon metapopulation in recovery
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3927888/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24567747
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eva.12118
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