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The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity

In plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) serves as a reservoir of pluripotent stem cells from which all above ground organs originate. To sustain proper growth, the SAM must maintain homeostasis between the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells and cell recruitment for lateral organ formation. At...

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Autores principales: Mandel, Tali, Moreau, Fanny, Kutsher, Yaarit, Fletcher, Jennifer C., Carles, Cristel C., Williams, Leor Eshed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Company of Biologists 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24496620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.104687
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author Mandel, Tali
Moreau, Fanny
Kutsher, Yaarit
Fletcher, Jennifer C.
Carles, Cristel C.
Williams, Leor Eshed
author_facet Mandel, Tali
Moreau, Fanny
Kutsher, Yaarit
Fletcher, Jennifer C.
Carles, Cristel C.
Williams, Leor Eshed
author_sort Mandel, Tali
collection PubMed
description In plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) serves as a reservoir of pluripotent stem cells from which all above ground organs originate. To sustain proper growth, the SAM must maintain homeostasis between the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells and cell recruitment for lateral organ formation. At the core of the network that regulates this homeostasis in Arabidopsis are the WUSCHEL (WUS) transcription factor specifying stem cell fate and the CLAVATA (CLV) ligand-receptor system limiting WUS expression. In this study, we identified the ERECTA (ER) pathway as a second receptor kinase signaling pathway that regulates WUS expression, and therefore shoot apical and floral meristem size, independently of the CLV pathway. We demonstrate that reduction in class III HD-ZIP and ER function together leads to a significant increase in WUS expression, resulting in extremely enlarged shoot meristems and a switch from spiral to whorled vegetative phyllotaxy. We further show that strong upregulation of WUS in the inflorescence meristem leads to ectopic expression of the AGAMOUS homeotic gene to a level that switches cell fate from floral meristem founder cell to carpel founder cell, suggesting an indirect role for ER in regulating floral meristem identity. This work illustrates the delicate balance between stem cell specification and differentiation in the meristem and shows that a shift in this balance leads to abnormal phyllotaxy and to altered reproductive cell fate.
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spelling pubmed-39304682014-02-25 The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity Mandel, Tali Moreau, Fanny Kutsher, Yaarit Fletcher, Jennifer C. Carles, Cristel C. Williams, Leor Eshed Development Stem Cells and Regeneration In plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) serves as a reservoir of pluripotent stem cells from which all above ground organs originate. To sustain proper growth, the SAM must maintain homeostasis between the self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells and cell recruitment for lateral organ formation. At the core of the network that regulates this homeostasis in Arabidopsis are the WUSCHEL (WUS) transcription factor specifying stem cell fate and the CLAVATA (CLV) ligand-receptor system limiting WUS expression. In this study, we identified the ERECTA (ER) pathway as a second receptor kinase signaling pathway that regulates WUS expression, and therefore shoot apical and floral meristem size, independently of the CLV pathway. We demonstrate that reduction in class III HD-ZIP and ER function together leads to a significant increase in WUS expression, resulting in extremely enlarged shoot meristems and a switch from spiral to whorled vegetative phyllotaxy. We further show that strong upregulation of WUS in the inflorescence meristem leads to ectopic expression of the AGAMOUS homeotic gene to a level that switches cell fate from floral meristem founder cell to carpel founder cell, suggesting an indirect role for ER in regulating floral meristem identity. This work illustrates the delicate balance between stem cell specification and differentiation in the meristem and shows that a shift in this balance leads to abnormal phyllotaxy and to altered reproductive cell fate. Company of Biologists 2014-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC3930468/ /pubmed/24496620 http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.104687 Text en © 2014. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
spellingShingle Stem Cells and Regeneration
Mandel, Tali
Moreau, Fanny
Kutsher, Yaarit
Fletcher, Jennifer C.
Carles, Cristel C.
Williams, Leor Eshed
The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title_full The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title_fullStr The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title_full_unstemmed The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title_short The ERECTA receptor kinase regulates Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
title_sort erecta receptor kinase regulates arabidopsis shoot apical meristem size, phyllotaxy and floral meristem identity
topic Stem Cells and Regeneration
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930468/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24496620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.104687
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