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Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men

BACKGROUND: Financial stress may have adverse health effects. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether having a cash margin and living alone or cohabiting is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: Representative population-based prospecti...

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Autores principales: Carlsson, Axel C, Starrin, Bengt, Gigante, Bruna, Leander, Karin, Hellenius, Mai-Lis, de Faire, Ulf
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3931669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24406139
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-17
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author Carlsson, Axel C
Starrin, Bengt
Gigante, Bruna
Leander, Karin
Hellenius, Mai-Lis
de Faire, Ulf
author_facet Carlsson, Axel C
Starrin, Bengt
Gigante, Bruna
Leander, Karin
Hellenius, Mai-Lis
de Faire, Ulf
author_sort Carlsson, Axel C
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Financial stress may have adverse health effects. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether having a cash margin and living alone or cohabiting is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: Representative population-based prospective cohort study of 60-year-old women (n = 2065) and men (n = 1939) in Stockholm County, Sweden. National registers were used to identify cases of incident CVD (n = 375) and all-cause mortality (n = 385). The presence of a cash margin was determined in the questionnaire with the following question: Would you, if an unexpected situation occurred, be able to raise 10 000 SEK within a week? (This was equivalent to US$ 1250 in 1998). RESULTS: Compared with cohabiting women with a cash margin, the risk of all-cause mortality was higher among cohabiting women without a cash margin, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–3.66). Using cohabiting men with cash margin as referent, single men without a cash margin were at an increased risk of both incident CVD and all-cause mortality: HR 2.84 (95% CI 1.61–4.99) and 2.78 (95% CI 1.69–4.56), respectively. Single men with cash margins still had an increased risk of all-cause mortality when compared with cohabiting men with a cash margin: HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.22–2.28). CONCLUSIONS: Financial stress may increase the risks of incident CVD and all-cause mortality, especially among men. Furthermore these risks are likely to be greater in men living in single households and in women without cash margins. Living with a partner seems to protect men, but not women, from ill-health associated with financial stress due to the lack of a cash margin.
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spelling pubmed-39316692014-02-22 Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men Carlsson, Axel C Starrin, Bengt Gigante, Bruna Leander, Karin Hellenius, Mai-Lis de Faire, Ulf BMC Public Health Research Article BACKGROUND: Financial stress may have adverse health effects. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether having a cash margin and living alone or cohabiting is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: Representative population-based prospective cohort study of 60-year-old women (n = 2065) and men (n = 1939) in Stockholm County, Sweden. National registers were used to identify cases of incident CVD (n = 375) and all-cause mortality (n = 385). The presence of a cash margin was determined in the questionnaire with the following question: Would you, if an unexpected situation occurred, be able to raise 10 000 SEK within a week? (This was equivalent to US$ 1250 in 1998). RESULTS: Compared with cohabiting women with a cash margin, the risk of all-cause mortality was higher among cohabiting women without a cash margin, with hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.97 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–3.66). Using cohabiting men with cash margin as referent, single men without a cash margin were at an increased risk of both incident CVD and all-cause mortality: HR 2.84 (95% CI 1.61–4.99) and 2.78 (95% CI 1.69–4.56), respectively. Single men with cash margins still had an increased risk of all-cause mortality when compared with cohabiting men with a cash margin: HR 1.67 (95% CI 1.22–2.28). CONCLUSIONS: Financial stress may increase the risks of incident CVD and all-cause mortality, especially among men. Furthermore these risks are likely to be greater in men living in single households and in women without cash margins. Living with a partner seems to protect men, but not women, from ill-health associated with financial stress due to the lack of a cash margin. BioMed Central 2014-01-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3931669/ /pubmed/24406139 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-17 Text en Copyright © 2014 Carlsson et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Carlsson, Axel C
Starrin, Bengt
Gigante, Bruna
Leander, Karin
Hellenius, Mai-Lis
de Faire, Ulf
Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title_full Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title_fullStr Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title_full_unstemmed Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title_short Financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
title_sort financial stress in late adulthood and diverse risks of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in women and men
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3931669/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24406139
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-17
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