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Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals

BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common cause of discomfort and morbidity worldwide. However, information on determinants of GERD from large-scale studies in low- to medium-income countries is limited. We investigated the factors associated with different measures of GERD symp...

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Autores principales: Islami, Farhad, Nasseri-Moghaddam, Siavosh, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Semnani, Shahryar, Kamangar, Farin, Etemadi, Arash, Merat, Shahin, Khoshnia, Masoud, Dawsey, Sanford M., Pharoah, Paul D., Brennan, Paul, Abnet, Christian C., Boffetta, Paolo, Malekzadeh, Reza
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3931722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24586635
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089256
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author Islami, Farhad
Nasseri-Moghaddam, Siavosh
Pourshams, Akram
Poustchi, Hossein
Semnani, Shahryar
Kamangar, Farin
Etemadi, Arash
Merat, Shahin
Khoshnia, Masoud
Dawsey, Sanford M.
Pharoah, Paul D.
Brennan, Paul
Abnet, Christian C.
Boffetta, Paolo
Malekzadeh, Reza
author_facet Islami, Farhad
Nasseri-Moghaddam, Siavosh
Pourshams, Akram
Poustchi, Hossein
Semnani, Shahryar
Kamangar, Farin
Etemadi, Arash
Merat, Shahin
Khoshnia, Masoud
Dawsey, Sanford M.
Pharoah, Paul D.
Brennan, Paul
Abnet, Christian C.
Boffetta, Paolo
Malekzadeh, Reza
author_sort Islami, Farhad
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common cause of discomfort and morbidity worldwide. However, information on determinants of GERD from large-scale studies in low- to medium-income countries is limited. We investigated the factors associated with different measures of GERD symptoms, including frequency, patient-perceived severity, and onset time. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a population-based cohort study of ∼50,000 individuals in in Golestan Province, Iran. GERD symptoms in this study included regurgitation and/or heartburn. RESULTS: Approximately 20% of participants reported at least weekly symptoms. Daily symptoms were less commonly reported by men, those of Turkmen ethnicity, and nass chewers. On the other hand, age, body mass index, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, opium use, lower socioeconomic status, and lower physical activity were associated with daily symptoms. Most of these factors showed similar associations with severe symptoms. Women with higher BMI and waist to hip ratio were more likely to report frequent and severe GERD symptoms. Hookah smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02–1.75) and opium use (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.55–1.87) were associated with severe symptoms, whereas nass chewing had an inverse association (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.99). After exclusion of cigarette smokers, hookah smoking was still positively associated and nass chewing was inversely associated with GERD symptoms (all frequencies combined). CONCLUSION: GERD is common in this population. The associations of hookah and opium use and inverse association of nass use with GERD symptoms are reported for the first time. Further studies are required to investigate the nature of these associations. Other determinants of GERD were mostly comparable to those reported elsewhere.
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spelling pubmed-39317222014-02-25 Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals Islami, Farhad Nasseri-Moghaddam, Siavosh Pourshams, Akram Poustchi, Hossein Semnani, Shahryar Kamangar, Farin Etemadi, Arash Merat, Shahin Khoshnia, Masoud Dawsey, Sanford M. Pharoah, Paul D. Brennan, Paul Abnet, Christian C. Boffetta, Paolo Malekzadeh, Reza PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common cause of discomfort and morbidity worldwide. However, information on determinants of GERD from large-scale studies in low- to medium-income countries is limited. We investigated the factors associated with different measures of GERD symptoms, including frequency, patient-perceived severity, and onset time. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the baseline data from a population-based cohort study of ∼50,000 individuals in in Golestan Province, Iran. GERD symptoms in this study included regurgitation and/or heartburn. RESULTS: Approximately 20% of participants reported at least weekly symptoms. Daily symptoms were less commonly reported by men, those of Turkmen ethnicity, and nass chewers. On the other hand, age, body mass index, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking, opium use, lower socioeconomic status, and lower physical activity were associated with daily symptoms. Most of these factors showed similar associations with severe symptoms. Women with higher BMI and waist to hip ratio were more likely to report frequent and severe GERD symptoms. Hookah smoking (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02–1.75) and opium use (OR 1.70, 95% CI 1.55–1.87) were associated with severe symptoms, whereas nass chewing had an inverse association (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.99). After exclusion of cigarette smokers, hookah smoking was still positively associated and nass chewing was inversely associated with GERD symptoms (all frequencies combined). CONCLUSION: GERD is common in this population. The associations of hookah and opium use and inverse association of nass use with GERD symptoms are reported for the first time. Further studies are required to investigate the nature of these associations. Other determinants of GERD were mostly comparable to those reported elsewhere. Public Library of Science 2014-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC3931722/ /pubmed/24586635 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089256 Text en © 2014 Islami et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Islami, Farhad
Nasseri-Moghaddam, Siavosh
Pourshams, Akram
Poustchi, Hossein
Semnani, Shahryar
Kamangar, Farin
Etemadi, Arash
Merat, Shahin
Khoshnia, Masoud
Dawsey, Sanford M.
Pharoah, Paul D.
Brennan, Paul
Abnet, Christian C.
Boffetta, Paolo
Malekzadeh, Reza
Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title_full Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title_fullStr Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title_short Determinants of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Including Hookah Smoking and Opium Use– A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 50,000 Individuals
title_sort determinants of gastroesophageal reflux disease, including hookah smoking and opium use– a cross-sectional analysis of 50,000 individuals
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3931722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24586635
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089256
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