Cargando…

Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers

Since second generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) targeting 10 and 13 serotypes became available in 2010, the number of national policy makers considering these vaccines has steadily increased. An important consideration for a national immunization program is the timing and number of do...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Whitney, Cynthia G., Goldblatt, David, O’Brien, Katherine L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Williams & Wilkins 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336059
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000076
_version_ 1782305782801367040
author Whitney, Cynthia G.
Goldblatt, David
O’Brien, Katherine L.
author_facet Whitney, Cynthia G.
Goldblatt, David
O’Brien, Katherine L.
author_sort Whitney, Cynthia G.
collection PubMed
description Since second generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) targeting 10 and 13 serotypes became available in 2010, the number of national policy makers considering these vaccines has steadily increased. An important consideration for a national immunization program is the timing and number of doses—the schedule—that will best prevent disease in the population. Data on disease epidemiology and the efficacy or effectiveness of PCV schedules are typically considered when choosing a schedule. Practical concerns, such as the existing vaccine schedule, and vaccine program performance are also important. In low-income countries, pneumococcal disease and deaths typically peak well before the end of the first year of life, making a schedule that provides PCV doses early in life (eg, a 6-, 10- and 14-week schedule) potentially the best option. In other settings, a schedule including a booster dose may address disease that peaks in the second year of life or may be seen to enhance a schedule already in place. A large and growing body of evidence from immunogenicity studies, as well as clinical trials and observational studies of carriage, pneumonia and invasive disease, has been systematically reviewed; these data indicate that schedules of 3 or 4 doses all work well, and that the differences between these regimens are subtle, especially in a mature program in which coverage is high and indirect (herd) effects help enhance protection provided directly by a vaccine schedule. The recent World Health Organization policy statement on PCVs endorsed a schedule of 3 primary doses without a booster or, as a new alternative, 2 primary doses with a booster dose. While 1 schedule may be preferred in a particular setting based on local epidemiology or practical considerations, achieving high coverage with 3 doses is likely more important than the specific timing of doses.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3940379
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2014
publisher Williams & Wilkins
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-39403792014-03-04 Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers Whitney, Cynthia G. Goldblatt, David O’Brien, Katherine L. Pediatr Infect Dis J Supplement Since second generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) targeting 10 and 13 serotypes became available in 2010, the number of national policy makers considering these vaccines has steadily increased. An important consideration for a national immunization program is the timing and number of doses—the schedule—that will best prevent disease in the population. Data on disease epidemiology and the efficacy or effectiveness of PCV schedules are typically considered when choosing a schedule. Practical concerns, such as the existing vaccine schedule, and vaccine program performance are also important. In low-income countries, pneumococcal disease and deaths typically peak well before the end of the first year of life, making a schedule that provides PCV doses early in life (eg, a 6-, 10- and 14-week schedule) potentially the best option. In other settings, a schedule including a booster dose may address disease that peaks in the second year of life or may be seen to enhance a schedule already in place. A large and growing body of evidence from immunogenicity studies, as well as clinical trials and observational studies of carriage, pneumonia and invasive disease, has been systematically reviewed; these data indicate that schedules of 3 or 4 doses all work well, and that the differences between these regimens are subtle, especially in a mature program in which coverage is high and indirect (herd) effects help enhance protection provided directly by a vaccine schedule. The recent World Health Organization policy statement on PCVs endorsed a schedule of 3 primary doses without a booster or, as a new alternative, 2 primary doses with a booster dose. While 1 schedule may be preferred in a particular setting based on local epidemiology or practical considerations, achieving high coverage with 3 doses is likely more important than the specific timing of doses. Williams & Wilkins 2014-01 2013-12-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3940379/ /pubmed/24336059 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000076 Text en Copyright © 2014 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivitives 3.0 License, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially.
spellingShingle Supplement
Whitney, Cynthia G.
Goldblatt, David
O’Brien, Katherine L.
Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title_full Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title_fullStr Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title_full_unstemmed Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title_short Dosing Schedules for Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine: Considerations for Policy Makers
title_sort dosing schedules for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: considerations for policy makers
topic Supplement
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940379/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336059
http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000000076
work_keys_str_mv AT whitneycynthiag dosingschedulesforpneumococcalconjugatevaccineconsiderationsforpolicymakers
AT goldblattdavid dosingschedulesforpneumococcalconjugatevaccineconsiderationsforpolicymakers
AT obrienkatherinel dosingschedulesforpneumococcalconjugatevaccineconsiderationsforpolicymakers