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Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
Long-term diet influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gut(1–5), but it remains unclear how rapidly and reproducibly the human gut microbiome responds to short-term macronutrient change. Here, we show that the short-term consumption of diets com...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3957428/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336217 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12820 |
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author | David, Lawrence A. Maurice, Corinne F. Carmody, Rachel N. Gootenberg, David B. Button, Julie E. Wolfe, Benjamin E. Ling, Alisha V. Devlin, A. Sloan Varma, Yug Fischbach, Michael A. Biddinger, Sudha B. Dutton, Rachel J. Turnbaugh, Peter J. |
author_facet | David, Lawrence A. Maurice, Corinne F. Carmody, Rachel N. Gootenberg, David B. Button, Julie E. Wolfe, Benjamin E. Ling, Alisha V. Devlin, A. Sloan Varma, Yug Fischbach, Michael A. Biddinger, Sudha B. Dutton, Rachel J. Turnbaugh, Peter J. |
author_sort | David, Lawrence A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Long-term diet influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gut(1–5), but it remains unclear how rapidly and reproducibly the human gut microbiome responds to short-term macronutrient change. Here, we show that the short-term consumption of diets composed entirely of animal or plant products alters microbial community structure and overwhelms inter-individual differences in microbial gene expression. The animal-based diet increased the abundance of bile-tolerant microorganisms (Alistipes, Bilophila, and Bacteroides) and decreased the levels of Firmicutes that metabolize dietary plant polysaccharides (Roseburia, Eubacterium rectale, and Ruminococcus bromii). Microbial activity mirrored differences between herbivorous and carnivorous mammals(2), reflecting trade-offs between carbohydrate and protein fermentation. Foodborne microbes from both diets transiently colonized the gut, including bacteria, fungi, and even viruses. Finally, increases in the abundance and activity of Bilophila wadsworthia on the animal-based diet support a link between dietary fat, bile acids, and the outgrowth of microorganisms capable of triggering inflammatory bowel disease(6). In concert, these results demonstrate that the gut microbiome can rapidly respond to altered diet, potentially facilitating the diversity of human dietary lifestyles. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3957428 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39574282014-07-23 Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome David, Lawrence A. Maurice, Corinne F. Carmody, Rachel N. Gootenberg, David B. Button, Julie E. Wolfe, Benjamin E. Ling, Alisha V. Devlin, A. Sloan Varma, Yug Fischbach, Michael A. Biddinger, Sudha B. Dutton, Rachel J. Turnbaugh, Peter J. Nature Article Long-term diet influences the structure and activity of the trillions of microorganisms residing in the human gut(1–5), but it remains unclear how rapidly and reproducibly the human gut microbiome responds to short-term macronutrient change. Here, we show that the short-term consumption of diets composed entirely of animal or plant products alters microbial community structure and overwhelms inter-individual differences in microbial gene expression. The animal-based diet increased the abundance of bile-tolerant microorganisms (Alistipes, Bilophila, and Bacteroides) and decreased the levels of Firmicutes that metabolize dietary plant polysaccharides (Roseburia, Eubacterium rectale, and Ruminococcus bromii). Microbial activity mirrored differences between herbivorous and carnivorous mammals(2), reflecting trade-offs between carbohydrate and protein fermentation. Foodborne microbes from both diets transiently colonized the gut, including bacteria, fungi, and even viruses. Finally, increases in the abundance and activity of Bilophila wadsworthia on the animal-based diet support a link between dietary fat, bile acids, and the outgrowth of microorganisms capable of triggering inflammatory bowel disease(6). In concert, these results demonstrate that the gut microbiome can rapidly respond to altered diet, potentially facilitating the diversity of human dietary lifestyles. 2013-12-11 2014-01-23 /pmc/articles/PMC3957428/ /pubmed/24336217 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12820 Text en Users may view, print, copy, download and text and data- mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use: http://www.nature.com/authors/editorial_policies/license.html#terms |
spellingShingle | Article David, Lawrence A. Maurice, Corinne F. Carmody, Rachel N. Gootenberg, David B. Button, Julie E. Wolfe, Benjamin E. Ling, Alisha V. Devlin, A. Sloan Varma, Yug Fischbach, Michael A. Biddinger, Sudha B. Dutton, Rachel J. Turnbaugh, Peter J. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome |
title | Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
title_full | Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
title_fullStr | Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
title_full_unstemmed | Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
title_short | Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
title_sort | diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut
microbiome |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3957428/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24336217 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature12820 |
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