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The annexins
Annexins are traditionally thought of as calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins, but recent work suggests a more complex set of functions. More than a thousand proteins of the annexin superfamily have been identified in major eukaryotic phyla, but annexins are absent from yeasts and prokary...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2004
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC395778/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15059252 |
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author | Moss, Stephen E Morgan, Reg O |
author_facet | Moss, Stephen E Morgan, Reg O |
author_sort | Moss, Stephen E |
collection | PubMed |
description | Annexins are traditionally thought of as calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins, but recent work suggests a more complex set of functions. More than a thousand proteins of the annexin superfamily have been identified in major eukaryotic phyla, but annexins are absent from yeasts and prokaryotes. The unique annexin core domain is made up of four similar repeats approximately 70 amino acids long, each of which usually contains a characteristic 'type 2' motif for binding calcium ions. Animal and fungal annexins also have non-homologous amino-terminal domains of varying length and sequence, which are responsible for the distinct localizations and specialized functions of the proteins through post-translational modification and binding to other proteins. Annexins interact with various cell-membrane components that are involved in the structural organization of the cell, intracellular signaling by enzyme modulation and ion fluxes, growth control, and they can act as atypical calcium channels. Analysis of site-specific conservation in the core domain suggests a role for certain buried residues in the calcium-channel activity of vertebrate annexins and in the structural stability of their core domains. Evolutionarily significant differences between subfamilies are preferentially localized to accessible sites on the protein surface that determine membrane binding and interactions with cytosolic proteins. |
format | Text |
id | pubmed-395778 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2004 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-3957782004-04-24 The annexins Moss, Stephen E Morgan, Reg O Genome Biol Protein Family Review Annexins are traditionally thought of as calcium-dependent phospholipid-binding proteins, but recent work suggests a more complex set of functions. More than a thousand proteins of the annexin superfamily have been identified in major eukaryotic phyla, but annexins are absent from yeasts and prokaryotes. The unique annexin core domain is made up of four similar repeats approximately 70 amino acids long, each of which usually contains a characteristic 'type 2' motif for binding calcium ions. Animal and fungal annexins also have non-homologous amino-terminal domains of varying length and sequence, which are responsible for the distinct localizations and specialized functions of the proteins through post-translational modification and binding to other proteins. Annexins interact with various cell-membrane components that are involved in the structural organization of the cell, intracellular signaling by enzyme modulation and ion fluxes, growth control, and they can act as atypical calcium channels. Analysis of site-specific conservation in the core domain suggests a role for certain buried residues in the calcium-channel activity of vertebrate annexins and in the structural stability of their core domains. Evolutionarily significant differences between subfamilies are preferentially localized to accessible sites on the protein surface that determine membrane binding and interactions with cytosolic proteins. BioMed Central 2004 2004-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC395778/ /pubmed/15059252 Text en Copyright © 2004 BioMed Central Ltd |
spellingShingle | Protein Family Review Moss, Stephen E Morgan, Reg O The annexins |
title | The annexins |
title_full | The annexins |
title_fullStr | The annexins |
title_full_unstemmed | The annexins |
title_short | The annexins |
title_sort | annexins |
topic | Protein Family Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC395778/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15059252 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT mossstephene theannexins AT morganrego theannexins AT mossstephene annexins AT morganrego annexins |