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Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults

BACKGROUND: Depression is commonly co-morbid with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, it is unknown whether depression is a functional consequence of OCD or whether these disorders share a common genetic aetiology. This longitudinal twin study compared these two hypotheses. METHOD: Data we...

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Autores principales: Bolhuis, K., McAdams, T. A., Monzani, B., Gregory, A. M., Mataix-Cols, D., Stringaris, A., Eley, T. C.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3959155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23920118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713001591
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author Bolhuis, K.
McAdams, T. A.
Monzani, B.
Gregory, A. M.
Mataix-Cols, D.
Stringaris, A.
Eley, T. C.
author_facet Bolhuis, K.
McAdams, T. A.
Monzani, B.
Gregory, A. M.
Mataix-Cols, D.
Stringaris, A.
Eley, T. C.
author_sort Bolhuis, K.
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Depression is commonly co-morbid with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, it is unknown whether depression is a functional consequence of OCD or whether these disorders share a common genetic aetiology. This longitudinal twin study compared these two hypotheses. METHOD: Data were drawn from a longitudinal sample of adolescent twins and siblings (n = 2651; Genesis 12–19 study) and from a cross-sectional sample of adult twins (n = 4920). The longitudinal phenotypic associations between OCD symptoms (OCS) and depressive symptoms were examined using a cross-lag model. Multivariate twin analyses were performed to explore the genetic and environmental contributions to the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between OCS and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: In the longitudinal phenotypic analyses, OCS at time 1 (wave 2 of the Genesis 12–19 study) predicted depressive symptoms at time 2 (wave 3 of the Genesis 12–19 study) to a similar extent to which depressive symptoms at time 1 predicted OCS at time 2. Cross-sectional twin analyses in both samples indicated that common genetic factors explained 52–65% of the phenotypic correlation between OCS and depressive symptoms. The proportion of the phenotypic correlation due to common non-shared environmental factors was considerably smaller (35%). In the adolescent sample, the longitudinal association between OCS at time 1 and subsequent depressive symptoms was accounted for by the genetic association between OCS and depressive symptoms at time 1. There was no significant environmental association between OCS and later depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings show that OCS and depressive symptoms co-occur primarily due to shared genetic factors and suggest that genetic, rather than environmental, effects account for the longitudinal relationship between OCS and depressive symptoms.
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spelling pubmed-39591552014-03-28 Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults Bolhuis, K. McAdams, T. A. Monzani, B. Gregory, A. M. Mataix-Cols, D. Stringaris, A. Eley, T. C. Psychol Med Original Articles BACKGROUND: Depression is commonly co-morbid with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). However, it is unknown whether depression is a functional consequence of OCD or whether these disorders share a common genetic aetiology. This longitudinal twin study compared these two hypotheses. METHOD: Data were drawn from a longitudinal sample of adolescent twins and siblings (n = 2651; Genesis 12–19 study) and from a cross-sectional sample of adult twins (n = 4920). The longitudinal phenotypic associations between OCD symptoms (OCS) and depressive symptoms were examined using a cross-lag model. Multivariate twin analyses were performed to explore the genetic and environmental contributions to the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between OCS and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: In the longitudinal phenotypic analyses, OCS at time 1 (wave 2 of the Genesis 12–19 study) predicted depressive symptoms at time 2 (wave 3 of the Genesis 12–19 study) to a similar extent to which depressive symptoms at time 1 predicted OCS at time 2. Cross-sectional twin analyses in both samples indicated that common genetic factors explained 52–65% of the phenotypic correlation between OCS and depressive symptoms. The proportion of the phenotypic correlation due to common non-shared environmental factors was considerably smaller (35%). In the adolescent sample, the longitudinal association between OCS at time 1 and subsequent depressive symptoms was accounted for by the genetic association between OCS and depressive symptoms at time 1. There was no significant environmental association between OCS and later depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings show that OCS and depressive symptoms co-occur primarily due to shared genetic factors and suggest that genetic, rather than environmental, effects account for the longitudinal relationship between OCS and depressive symptoms. Cambridge University Press 2014-05 2013-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3959155/ /pubmed/23920118 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713001591 Text en © Cambridge University Press 2013 The online version of this article is published within an Open Access environment subject to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike licence <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/>. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained for commercial re-use.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Bolhuis, K.
McAdams, T. A.
Monzani, B.
Gregory, A. M.
Mataix-Cols, D.
Stringaris, A.
Eley, T. C.
Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title_full Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title_fullStr Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title_full_unstemmed Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title_short Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
title_sort aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive and depressive symptoms: a longitudinal twin study in adolescents and adults
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3959155/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23920118
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713001591
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