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LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities

Xenobiotic exposure, especially high-dose or repeated exposure of xenobiotics, can elicit detrimental effects on biological systems through diverse mechanisms. Changes in metabolic systems, including formation of reactive metabolites and disruption of endogenous metabolism, are not only the common c...

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Autores principales: Chen, Chi, Kim, Sangyub
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology (RNCSB) Organization 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962105/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24688689
http://dx.doi.org/10.5936/csbj.201301008
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author Chen, Chi
Kim, Sangyub
author_facet Chen, Chi
Kim, Sangyub
author_sort Chen, Chi
collection PubMed
description Xenobiotic exposure, especially high-dose or repeated exposure of xenobiotics, can elicit detrimental effects on biological systems through diverse mechanisms. Changes in metabolic systems, including formation of reactive metabolites and disruption of endogenous metabolism, are not only the common consequences of toxic xenobiotic exposure, but in many cases are the major causes behind development of xenobiotic-induced toxicities (XIT). Therefore, examining the metabolic events associated with XIT generates mechanistic insights into the initiation and progression of XIT, and provides guidance for prevention and treatment. Traditional bioanalytical platforms that target only a few suspected metabolites are capable of validating the expected outcomes of xenobiotic exposure. However, these approaches lack the capacity to define global changes and to identify unexpected events in the metabolic system. Recent developments in high-throughput metabolomics have dramatically expanded the scope and potential of metabolite analysis. Among all analytical techniques adopted for metabolomics, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been most widely used for metabolomic investigations of XIT due to its versatility and sensitivity in metabolite analysis. In this review, technical platform of LC-MS-based metabolomics, including experimental model, sample preparation, instrumentation, and data analysis, are discussed. Applications of LC-MS-based metabolomics in exploratory and hypothesis-driven investigations of XIT are illustrated by case studies of xenobiotic metabolism and endogenous metabolism associated with xenobiotic exposure.
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spelling pubmed-39621052014-03-31 LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities Chen, Chi Kim, Sangyub Comput Struct Biotechnol J Mini Reviews Xenobiotic exposure, especially high-dose or repeated exposure of xenobiotics, can elicit detrimental effects on biological systems through diverse mechanisms. Changes in metabolic systems, including formation of reactive metabolites and disruption of endogenous metabolism, are not only the common consequences of toxic xenobiotic exposure, but in many cases are the major causes behind development of xenobiotic-induced toxicities (XIT). Therefore, examining the metabolic events associated with XIT generates mechanistic insights into the initiation and progression of XIT, and provides guidance for prevention and treatment. Traditional bioanalytical platforms that target only a few suspected metabolites are capable of validating the expected outcomes of xenobiotic exposure. However, these approaches lack the capacity to define global changes and to identify unexpected events in the metabolic system. Recent developments in high-throughput metabolomics have dramatically expanded the scope and potential of metabolite analysis. Among all analytical techniques adopted for metabolomics, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) has been most widely used for metabolomic investigations of XIT due to its versatility and sensitivity in metabolite analysis. In this review, technical platform of LC-MS-based metabolomics, including experimental model, sample preparation, instrumentation, and data analysis, are discussed. Applications of LC-MS-based metabolomics in exploratory and hypothesis-driven investigations of XIT are illustrated by case studies of xenobiotic metabolism and endogenous metabolism associated with xenobiotic exposure. Research Network of Computational and Structural Biotechnology (RNCSB) Organization 2013-03-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3962105/ /pubmed/24688689 http://dx.doi.org/10.5936/csbj.201301008 Text en © Chen and Kim. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited.
spellingShingle Mini Reviews
Chen, Chi
Kim, Sangyub
LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title_full LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title_fullStr LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title_full_unstemmed LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title_short LC-MS-based Metabolomics of Xenobiotic-induced Toxicities
title_sort lc-ms-based metabolomics of xenobiotic-induced toxicities
topic Mini Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3962105/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24688689
http://dx.doi.org/10.5936/csbj.201301008
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