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Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to (1) elucidate whether the Hawthorne effect exists, (2) explore under what conditions, and (3) estimate the size of any such effect. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the strength of available evidence on the Hawthorne effect. An...

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Autores principales: McCambridge, Jim, Witton, John, Elbourne, Diana R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3969247/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24275499
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015
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author McCambridge, Jim
Witton, John
Elbourne, Diana R.
author_facet McCambridge, Jim
Witton, John
Elbourne, Diana R.
author_sort McCambridge, Jim
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVES: This study aims to (1) elucidate whether the Hawthorne effect exists, (2) explore under what conditions, and (3) estimate the size of any such effect. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the strength of available evidence on the Hawthorne effect. An inclusive definition of any form of research artifact on behavior using this label, and without cointerventions, was adopted. RESULTS: Nineteen purposively designed studies were included, providing quantitative data on the size of the effect in eight randomized controlled trials, five quasiexperimental studies, and six observational evaluations of reporting on one's behavior by answering questions or being directly observed and being aware of being studied. Although all but one study was undertaken within health sciences, study methods, contexts, and findings were highly heterogeneous. Most studies reported some evidence of an effect, although significant biases are judged likely because of the complexity of the evaluation object. CONCLUSION: Consequences of research participation for behaviors being investigated do exist, although little can be securely known about the conditions under which they operate, their mechanisms of effects, or their magnitudes. New concepts are needed to guide empirical studies.
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spelling pubmed-39692472014-03-31 Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects() McCambridge, Jim Witton, John Elbourne, Diana R. J Clin Epidemiol Review Article OBJECTIVES: This study aims to (1) elucidate whether the Hawthorne effect exists, (2) explore under what conditions, and (3) estimate the size of any such effect. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: This systematic review summarizes and evaluates the strength of available evidence on the Hawthorne effect. An inclusive definition of any form of research artifact on behavior using this label, and without cointerventions, was adopted. RESULTS: Nineteen purposively designed studies were included, providing quantitative data on the size of the effect in eight randomized controlled trials, five quasiexperimental studies, and six observational evaluations of reporting on one's behavior by answering questions or being directly observed and being aware of being studied. Although all but one study was undertaken within health sciences, study methods, contexts, and findings were highly heterogeneous. Most studies reported some evidence of an effect, although significant biases are judged likely because of the complexity of the evaluation object. CONCLUSION: Consequences of research participation for behaviors being investigated do exist, although little can be securely known about the conditions under which they operate, their mechanisms of effects, or their magnitudes. New concepts are needed to guide empirical studies. Elsevier 2014-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3969247/ /pubmed/24275499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015 Text en © 2014 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review Article
McCambridge, Jim
Witton, John
Elbourne, Diana R.
Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title_full Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title_fullStr Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title_full_unstemmed Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title_short Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: New concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
title_sort systematic review of the hawthorne effect: new concepts are needed to study research participation effects()
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3969247/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24275499
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015
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