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Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise
In humans, there are large individual differences in the levels of vagal modulation of resting heart rate (HR). High levels are a recognized index of cardiac health, whereas low levels are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several factors are thought to...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970013/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24715877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00118 |
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author | Carnevali, Luca Sgoifo, Andrea |
author_facet | Carnevali, Luca Sgoifo, Andrea |
author_sort | Carnevali, Luca |
collection | PubMed |
description | In humans, there are large individual differences in the levels of vagal modulation of resting heart rate (HR). High levels are a recognized index of cardiac health, whereas low levels are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several factors are thought to contribute significantly to this inter-individual variability. While regular physical exercise seems to induce an increase in resting vagal tone, chronic life stress, and psychosocial factors such as negative moods and personality traits appear associated with vagal withdrawal. Preclinical research has been attempting to clarify such relationships and to provide insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying vagal tone impairment/enhancement. This paper focuses on rat studies that have explored the effects of stress, psychosocial factors and physical exercise on vagal modulation of resting HR. Results are discussed with regard to: (i) individual differences in resting vagal tone, cardiac stress reactivity and arrhythmia vulnerability; (ii) elucidation of the neurobiological determinants of resting vagal tone. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3970013 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39700132014-04-08 Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise Carnevali, Luca Sgoifo, Andrea Front Physiol Physiology In humans, there are large individual differences in the levels of vagal modulation of resting heart rate (HR). High levels are a recognized index of cardiac health, whereas low levels are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several factors are thought to contribute significantly to this inter-individual variability. While regular physical exercise seems to induce an increase in resting vagal tone, chronic life stress, and psychosocial factors such as negative moods and personality traits appear associated with vagal withdrawal. Preclinical research has been attempting to clarify such relationships and to provide insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying vagal tone impairment/enhancement. This paper focuses on rat studies that have explored the effects of stress, psychosocial factors and physical exercise on vagal modulation of resting HR. Results are discussed with regard to: (i) individual differences in resting vagal tone, cardiac stress reactivity and arrhythmia vulnerability; (ii) elucidation of the neurobiological determinants of resting vagal tone. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3970013/ /pubmed/24715877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00118 Text en Copyright © 2014 Carnevali and Sgoifo. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Physiology Carnevali, Luca Sgoifo, Andrea Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title | Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title_full | Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title_fullStr | Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title_full_unstemmed | Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title_short | Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
title_sort | vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise |
topic | Physiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970013/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24715877 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00118 |
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