Cargando…
HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression
BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health problems. Many studies have been performed to investigate the association between demographic and behavioral factors and HIV or HCV infection. However, some of the results of these studies have bee...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970964/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24687006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093157 |
_version_ | 1782309441264156672 |
---|---|
author | Zhou, Yi-Biao Wang, Qi-Xing Liang, Song Gong, Yu-Han Yang, Mei-xia Nie, Shi-Jiao Nan, Lei Yang, Ai-Hui Liao, Qiang Yang, Yang Song, Xiu-Xia Jiang, Qing-Wu |
author_facet | Zhou, Yi-Biao Wang, Qi-Xing Liang, Song Gong, Yu-Han Yang, Mei-xia Nie, Shi-Jiao Nan, Lei Yang, Ai-Hui Liao, Qiang Yang, Yang Song, Xiu-Xia Jiang, Qing-Wu |
author_sort | Zhou, Yi-Biao |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health problems. Many studies have been performed to investigate the association between demographic and behavioral factors and HIV or HCV infection. However, some of the results of these studies have been in conflict. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The data of all entrants in the 11 national methadone clinics in the Yi Autonomous Prefecture from March 2004 to December 2012 were collected from the national database. Several spatial regression models were used to analyze specific community characteristics associated with the prevalence of HIV and HCV infection at the township level. The study enrolled 6,417 adult patients. The prevalence of HIV infection, HCV infection and co-infection was 25.4%, 30.9%, and 11.0%, respectively. Prevalence exhibited stark geographical variations in the area studied. The four regression models showed Yi ethnicity to be associated with both the prevalence of HIV and of HIV/HCV co-infection. The male drug users in some northwestern counties had greater odds of being infected with HIV than female drug users, but the opposite was observed in some eastern counties. The ‘being in drug rehabilitation variable was found to be positively associated with prevalence of HCV infection in some southern townships, however, it was found to be negatively associated with it in some northern townships. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The spatial modeling creates better representations of data such that public health interventions must focus on areas with high frequency of HIV/HCV to prevent further transmission of both HIV and HCV. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3970964 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39709642014-04-04 HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression Zhou, Yi-Biao Wang, Qi-Xing Liang, Song Gong, Yu-Han Yang, Mei-xia Nie, Shi-Jiao Nan, Lei Yang, Ai-Hui Liao, Qiang Yang, Yang Song, Xiu-Xia Jiang, Qing-Wu PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major public health problems. Many studies have been performed to investigate the association between demographic and behavioral factors and HIV or HCV infection. However, some of the results of these studies have been in conflict. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The data of all entrants in the 11 national methadone clinics in the Yi Autonomous Prefecture from March 2004 to December 2012 were collected from the national database. Several spatial regression models were used to analyze specific community characteristics associated with the prevalence of HIV and HCV infection at the township level. The study enrolled 6,417 adult patients. The prevalence of HIV infection, HCV infection and co-infection was 25.4%, 30.9%, and 11.0%, respectively. Prevalence exhibited stark geographical variations in the area studied. The four regression models showed Yi ethnicity to be associated with both the prevalence of HIV and of HIV/HCV co-infection. The male drug users in some northwestern counties had greater odds of being infected with HIV than female drug users, but the opposite was observed in some eastern counties. The ‘being in drug rehabilitation variable was found to be positively associated with prevalence of HCV infection in some southern townships, however, it was found to be negatively associated with it in some northern townships. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The spatial modeling creates better representations of data such that public health interventions must focus on areas with high frequency of HIV/HCV to prevent further transmission of both HIV and HCV. Public Library of Science 2014-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3970964/ /pubmed/24687006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093157 Text en © 2014 Zhou et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Zhou, Yi-Biao Wang, Qi-Xing Liang, Song Gong, Yu-Han Yang, Mei-xia Nie, Shi-Jiao Nan, Lei Yang, Ai-Hui Liao, Qiang Yang, Yang Song, Xiu-Xia Jiang, Qing-Wu HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title | HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title_full | HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title_fullStr | HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title_full_unstemmed | HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title_short | HIV-, HCV-, and Co-Infections and Associated Risk Factors among Drug Users in Southwestern China: A Township-Level Ecological Study Incorporating Spatial Regression |
title_sort | hiv-, hcv-, and co-infections and associated risk factors among drug users in southwestern china: a township-level ecological study incorporating spatial regression |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970964/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24687006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093157 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT zhouyibiao hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT wangqixing hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT liangsong hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT gongyuhan hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT yangmeixia hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT nieshijiao hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT nanlei hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT yangaihui hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT liaoqiang hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT yangyang hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT songxiuxia hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression AT jiangqingwu hivhcvandcoinfectionsandassociatedriskfactorsamongdrugusersinsouthwesternchinaatownshiplevelecologicalstudyincorporatingspatialregression |