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Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells
Telomeres are structures at the ends of chromosomes that shorten during cell division and eventually signal an irreversible state of growth arrest known as cellular senescence. To delay this cellular aging, human T cells, which are critical in the immune control over infections and cancer, activate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3972662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24709644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells2010057 |
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author | Molgora, Brenda Bateman, Riley Sweeney, Greg Finger, Danielle Dimler, Taylor Effros, Rita B. Valenzuela, Hector F. |
author_facet | Molgora, Brenda Bateman, Riley Sweeney, Greg Finger, Danielle Dimler, Taylor Effros, Rita B. Valenzuela, Hector F. |
author_sort | Molgora, Brenda |
collection | PubMed |
description | Telomeres are structures at the ends of chromosomes that shorten during cell division and eventually signal an irreversible state of growth arrest known as cellular senescence. To delay this cellular aging, human T cells, which are critical in the immune control over infections and cancer, activate the enzyme telomerase, which binds and extends the telomeres. Several different extracts from the Astragalus membranaceus root have been documented to activate telomerase activity in human T cells. The objective of this research was to compare two extracts from Astragalus membranaceus, TA-65 and HTA, for their effects on both telomerase and proliferative activity of human CD4 and CD8 T cells. Our results demonstrate that, TA-65 increased telomerase activity significantly (1.3 to 3.3-fold relative to controls) in T cell cultures from six donors tested, whereas HTA only increased telomerase levels in two out of six donors. We also demonstrate that TA-65 activates telomerase by a MAPK- specific pathway. Finally, we determine that during a three-day culture period, only the T cells treated with the TA-65 extract showed a statistically significant increase in proliferative activity. Our results underscore the importance of comparing multiple telomerase activators within the same experiment, and of including functional assays in addition to measuring telomerase activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3972662 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39726622014-04-07 Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells Molgora, Brenda Bateman, Riley Sweeney, Greg Finger, Danielle Dimler, Taylor Effros, Rita B. Valenzuela, Hector F. Cells Article Telomeres are structures at the ends of chromosomes that shorten during cell division and eventually signal an irreversible state of growth arrest known as cellular senescence. To delay this cellular aging, human T cells, which are critical in the immune control over infections and cancer, activate the enzyme telomerase, which binds and extends the telomeres. Several different extracts from the Astragalus membranaceus root have been documented to activate telomerase activity in human T cells. The objective of this research was to compare two extracts from Astragalus membranaceus, TA-65 and HTA, for their effects on both telomerase and proliferative activity of human CD4 and CD8 T cells. Our results demonstrate that, TA-65 increased telomerase activity significantly (1.3 to 3.3-fold relative to controls) in T cell cultures from six donors tested, whereas HTA only increased telomerase levels in two out of six donors. We also demonstrate that TA-65 activates telomerase by a MAPK- specific pathway. Finally, we determine that during a three-day culture period, only the T cells treated with the TA-65 extract showed a statistically significant increase in proliferative activity. Our results underscore the importance of comparing multiple telomerase activators within the same experiment, and of including functional assays in addition to measuring telomerase activity. MDPI 2013-01-14 /pmc/articles/PMC3972662/ /pubmed/24709644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells2010057 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Molgora, Brenda Bateman, Riley Sweeney, Greg Finger, Danielle Dimler, Taylor Effros, Rita B. Valenzuela, Hector F. Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title | Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title_full | Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title_fullStr | Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title_short | Functional Assessment of Pharmacological Telomerase Activators in Human T cells |
title_sort | functional assessment of pharmacological telomerase activators in human t cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3972662/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24709644 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells2010057 |
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