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Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS)
BACKGROUND: Retinal implants have been developed to treat blindness causing retinal degenerations such as Retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The retinal stimulators are covering only a small portion of the retina usually in its center. To restore not only central vision but also a useful visual field retina...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3976033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24502253 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-13-11 |
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author | Waschkowski, Florian Hesse, Stephan Rieck, Anne Christine Lohmann, Tibor Brockmann, Claudia Laube, Thomas Bornfeld, Norbert Thumann, Gabriele Walter, Peter Mokwa, Wilfried Johnen, Sandra Roessler, Gernot |
author_facet | Waschkowski, Florian Hesse, Stephan Rieck, Anne Christine Lohmann, Tibor Brockmann, Claudia Laube, Thomas Bornfeld, Norbert Thumann, Gabriele Walter, Peter Mokwa, Wilfried Johnen, Sandra Roessler, Gernot |
author_sort | Waschkowski, Florian |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Retinal implants have been developed to treat blindness causing retinal degenerations such as Retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The retinal stimulators are covering only a small portion of the retina usually in its center. To restore not only central vision but also a useful visual field retinal stimulators need to cover a larger area of the retina. However, large area retinal stimulators are much more difficult to implant into an eye. Some basic questions concerning this challenge should be answered in a series of experiments. METHODS: Large area retinal stimulators were fabricated as flexible multielectrode arrays (MEAs) using silicon technology with polyimide as the basic material for the substrate. Electrodes were made of gold covered with reactively sputtered iridium oxide. Several prototype designs were considered and implanted into enucleated porcine eyes. The prototype MEAs were also used as recording devices. RESULTS: Large area retinal stimulator MEAs were fabricated with a diameter of 12 mm covering a visual angle of 37.6° in a normal sighted human eye. The structures were flexible enough to be implanted in a folded state through an insertion nozzle. The implants could be positioned onto the retinal surface and fixated here using a retinal tack. Recording of spontaneous activity of retinal neurons was possible in vitro using these devices. CONCLUSIONS: Large flexible MEAs covering a wider area of the retina as current devices could be fabricated using silicon technology with polyimide as a base material. Principal surgical techniques were established to insert such large devices into an eye and the devices could also be used for recording of retinal neural activity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3976033 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39760332014-04-05 Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) Waschkowski, Florian Hesse, Stephan Rieck, Anne Christine Lohmann, Tibor Brockmann, Claudia Laube, Thomas Bornfeld, Norbert Thumann, Gabriele Walter, Peter Mokwa, Wilfried Johnen, Sandra Roessler, Gernot Biomed Eng Online Research BACKGROUND: Retinal implants have been developed to treat blindness causing retinal degenerations such as Retinitis pigmentosa (RP). The retinal stimulators are covering only a small portion of the retina usually in its center. To restore not only central vision but also a useful visual field retinal stimulators need to cover a larger area of the retina. However, large area retinal stimulators are much more difficult to implant into an eye. Some basic questions concerning this challenge should be answered in a series of experiments. METHODS: Large area retinal stimulators were fabricated as flexible multielectrode arrays (MEAs) using silicon technology with polyimide as the basic material for the substrate. Electrodes were made of gold covered with reactively sputtered iridium oxide. Several prototype designs were considered and implanted into enucleated porcine eyes. The prototype MEAs were also used as recording devices. RESULTS: Large area retinal stimulator MEAs were fabricated with a diameter of 12 mm covering a visual angle of 37.6° in a normal sighted human eye. The structures were flexible enough to be implanted in a folded state through an insertion nozzle. The implants could be positioned onto the retinal surface and fixated here using a retinal tack. Recording of spontaneous activity of retinal neurons was possible in vitro using these devices. CONCLUSIONS: Large flexible MEAs covering a wider area of the retina as current devices could be fabricated using silicon technology with polyimide as a base material. Principal surgical techniques were established to insert such large devices into an eye and the devices could also be used for recording of retinal neural activity. BioMed Central 2014-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC3976033/ /pubmed/24502253 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-13-11 Text en Copyright © 2014 Waschkowski et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Waschkowski, Florian Hesse, Stephan Rieck, Anne Christine Lohmann, Tibor Brockmann, Claudia Laube, Thomas Bornfeld, Norbert Thumann, Gabriele Walter, Peter Mokwa, Wilfried Johnen, Sandra Roessler, Gernot Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title | Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title_full | Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title_fullStr | Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title_full_unstemmed | Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title_short | Development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (VLARS) |
title_sort | development of very large electrode arrays for epiretinal stimulation (vlars) |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3976033/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24502253 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-925X-13-11 |
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