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Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils

The Critical State Soil Mechanic (CSSM) is a globally recognised framework while the critical states for sand and clay are both well established. Nevertheless, the development of the critical state of sand matrix soils is lacking. This paper discusses the development of critical state lines and corr...

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Autores principales: Marto, Aminaton, Tan, Choy Soon, Makhtar, Ahmad Mahir, Kung Leong, Tiong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3976808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24757417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/290207
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author Marto, Aminaton
Tan, Choy Soon
Makhtar, Ahmad Mahir
Kung Leong, Tiong
author_facet Marto, Aminaton
Tan, Choy Soon
Makhtar, Ahmad Mahir
Kung Leong, Tiong
author_sort Marto, Aminaton
collection PubMed
description The Critical State Soil Mechanic (CSSM) is a globally recognised framework while the critical states for sand and clay are both well established. Nevertheless, the development of the critical state of sand matrix soils is lacking. This paper discusses the development of critical state lines and corresponding critical state parameters for the investigated material, sand matrix soils using sand-kaolin mixtures. The output of this paper can be used as an interpretation framework for the research on liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils in the future. The strain controlled triaxial test apparatus was used to provide the monotonic loading onto the reconstituted soil specimens. All tested soils were subjected to isotropic consolidation and sheared under undrained condition until critical state was ascertain. Based on the results of 32 test specimens, the critical state lines for eight different sand matrix soils were developed together with the corresponding values of critical state parameters, M, λ, and Γ. The range of the value of M, λ, and Γ is 0.803–0.998, 0.144–0.248, and 1.727–2.279, respectively. These values are comparable to the critical state parameters of river sand and kaolin clay. However, the relationship between fines percentages and these critical state parameters is too scattered to be correlated.
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spelling pubmed-39768082014-04-22 Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils Marto, Aminaton Tan, Choy Soon Makhtar, Ahmad Mahir Kung Leong, Tiong ScientificWorldJournal Research Article The Critical State Soil Mechanic (CSSM) is a globally recognised framework while the critical states for sand and clay are both well established. Nevertheless, the development of the critical state of sand matrix soils is lacking. This paper discusses the development of critical state lines and corresponding critical state parameters for the investigated material, sand matrix soils using sand-kaolin mixtures. The output of this paper can be used as an interpretation framework for the research on liquefaction susceptibility of sand matrix soils in the future. The strain controlled triaxial test apparatus was used to provide the monotonic loading onto the reconstituted soil specimens. All tested soils were subjected to isotropic consolidation and sheared under undrained condition until critical state was ascertain. Based on the results of 32 test specimens, the critical state lines for eight different sand matrix soils were developed together with the corresponding values of critical state parameters, M, λ, and Γ. The range of the value of M, λ, and Γ is 0.803–0.998, 0.144–0.248, and 1.727–2.279, respectively. These values are comparable to the critical state parameters of river sand and kaolin clay. However, the relationship between fines percentages and these critical state parameters is too scattered to be correlated. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014-03-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3976808/ /pubmed/24757417 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/290207 Text en Copyright © 2014 Aminaton Marto et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Marto, Aminaton
Tan, Choy Soon
Makhtar, Ahmad Mahir
Kung Leong, Tiong
Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title_full Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title_fullStr Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title_full_unstemmed Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title_short Critical State of Sand Matrix Soils
title_sort critical state of sand matrix soils
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3976808/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24757417
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/290207
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