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Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture

Carbohydrates, or sugars, regulate various aspects of plant growth through modulation of cell division and expansion. Besides playing essential roles as sources of energy for growth and as structural components of cells, carbohydrates also regulate the timing of expression of developmental programs....

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Autores principales: Tsai, Allen Y.-L., Gazzarrini, Sonia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24744765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00119
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author Tsai, Allen Y.-L.
Gazzarrini, Sonia
author_facet Tsai, Allen Y.-L.
Gazzarrini, Sonia
author_sort Tsai, Allen Y.-L.
collection PubMed
description Carbohydrates, or sugars, regulate various aspects of plant growth through modulation of cell division and expansion. Besides playing essential roles as sources of energy for growth and as structural components of cells, carbohydrates also regulate the timing of expression of developmental programs. The disaccharide trehalose is used as an energy source, as a storage and transport molecule for glucose, and as a stress-responsive compound important for cellular protection during stress in all kingdoms. Trehalose, however, is found in very low amounts in most plants, pointing to a signaling over metabolic role for this non-reducing disaccharide. In the last decade, trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P), an intermediate in trehalose metabolism, has been shown to regulate embryonic and vegetative development, flowering time, meristem determinacy, and cell fate specification in plants. T6P acts as a global regulator of metabolism and transcription promoting plant growth and triggering developmental phase transitions in response to sugar availability. Among the T6P targets are members of the Sucrose-non-fermenting1-related kinase1 (SnRK1) family, which are sensors of energy availability and inhibit plant growth and development during metabolic stress to maintain energy homeostasis. In this review, we will discuss the opposite roles of the sugar metabolite T6P and the SnRK1 kinases in the regulation of developmental phase transitions in response to carbohydrate levels. We will focus on how these two global regulators of metabolic processes integrate environmental cues and interact with hormonal signaling pathways to modulate plant development.
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spelling pubmed-39783632014-04-17 Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture Tsai, Allen Y.-L. Gazzarrini, Sonia Front Plant Sci Plant Science Carbohydrates, or sugars, regulate various aspects of plant growth through modulation of cell division and expansion. Besides playing essential roles as sources of energy for growth and as structural components of cells, carbohydrates also regulate the timing of expression of developmental programs. The disaccharide trehalose is used as an energy source, as a storage and transport molecule for glucose, and as a stress-responsive compound important for cellular protection during stress in all kingdoms. Trehalose, however, is found in very low amounts in most plants, pointing to a signaling over metabolic role for this non-reducing disaccharide. In the last decade, trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P), an intermediate in trehalose metabolism, has been shown to regulate embryonic and vegetative development, flowering time, meristem determinacy, and cell fate specification in plants. T6P acts as a global regulator of metabolism and transcription promoting plant growth and triggering developmental phase transitions in response to sugar availability. Among the T6P targets are members of the Sucrose-non-fermenting1-related kinase1 (SnRK1) family, which are sensors of energy availability and inhibit plant growth and development during metabolic stress to maintain energy homeostasis. In this review, we will discuss the opposite roles of the sugar metabolite T6P and the SnRK1 kinases in the regulation of developmental phase transitions in response to carbohydrate levels. We will focus on how these two global regulators of metabolic processes integrate environmental cues and interact with hormonal signaling pathways to modulate plant development. Frontiers Media S.A. 2014-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3978363/ /pubmed/24744765 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00119 Text en Copyright © 2014 Tsai and Gazzarrini. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Tsai, Allen Y.-L.
Gazzarrini, Sonia
Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title_full Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title_fullStr Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title_full_unstemmed Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title_short Trehalose-6-phosphate and SnRK1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
title_sort trehalose-6-phosphate and snrk1 kinases in plant development and signaling: the emerging picture
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3978363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24744765
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2014.00119
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