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B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance
Inflammation and metabolism have been shown to be evolutionary linked and increasing evidence exists that pro-inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Until now, most data suggest that within adipose tissue these factors are secreted by cells of the innat...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984119/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24728308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094282 |
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author | Müller, Nike Schulte, Dominik M. Hillebrand, Susann Türk, Kathrin Hampe, Jochen Schafmayer, Clemens Brosch, Mario von Schönfels, Witigo Ahrens, Markus Zeuner, Rainald Schröder, Johann O. Blüher, Matthias Gutschow, Christian Freitag-Wolf, Sandra Stelmach-Mardas, Marta Saggau, Carina Schreiber, Stefan Laudes, Matthias |
author_facet | Müller, Nike Schulte, Dominik M. Hillebrand, Susann Türk, Kathrin Hampe, Jochen Schafmayer, Clemens Brosch, Mario von Schönfels, Witigo Ahrens, Markus Zeuner, Rainald Schröder, Johann O. Blüher, Matthias Gutschow, Christian Freitag-Wolf, Sandra Stelmach-Mardas, Marta Saggau, Carina Schreiber, Stefan Laudes, Matthias |
author_sort | Müller, Nike |
collection | PubMed |
description | Inflammation and metabolism have been shown to be evolutionary linked and increasing evidence exists that pro-inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Until now, most data suggest that within adipose tissue these factors are secreted by cells of the innate immune system, e. g. macrophages. In the present study we demonstrate that B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is increased in human obesity. In contrast to several pro-inflammatory factors, we found the source of BLyS in human adipose tissue to be the adipocytes rather than immune cells. In grade 3 obese human subjects, expression of BLyS in vivo in adipose tissue is significantly increased (p<0.001). Furthermore, BLyS serum levels are elevated in grade 3 human obesity (862.5+222.0 pg/ml vs. 543.7+60.7 pg/ml in lean controls, p<0.001) and are positively correlated to the BMI (r = 0.43, p<0.0002). In the present study, bariatric surgery significantly altered serum BLyS concentrations. In contrast, weight loss due to a very-low-calorie-formula-diet (800 kcal/d) had no such effect. To examine metabolic activity of BLyS, in a translational research approach, insulin sensitivity was measured in human subjects in vivo before and after treatment with the human recombinant anti-BLyS antibody belimumab. Since BLyS is known to promote B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion, the present data suggest that adipocytes of grade 3 obese human subjects are able to activate the adaptive immune system, suggesting that in metabolic inflammation in humans both, innate and adaptive immunity, are of pathophysiological relevance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3984119 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39841192014-04-15 B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance Müller, Nike Schulte, Dominik M. Hillebrand, Susann Türk, Kathrin Hampe, Jochen Schafmayer, Clemens Brosch, Mario von Schönfels, Witigo Ahrens, Markus Zeuner, Rainald Schröder, Johann O. Blüher, Matthias Gutschow, Christian Freitag-Wolf, Sandra Stelmach-Mardas, Marta Saggau, Carina Schreiber, Stefan Laudes, Matthias PLoS One Research Article Inflammation and metabolism have been shown to be evolutionary linked and increasing evidence exists that pro-inflammatory factors are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Until now, most data suggest that within adipose tissue these factors are secreted by cells of the innate immune system, e. g. macrophages. In the present study we demonstrate that B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) is increased in human obesity. In contrast to several pro-inflammatory factors, we found the source of BLyS in human adipose tissue to be the adipocytes rather than immune cells. In grade 3 obese human subjects, expression of BLyS in vivo in adipose tissue is significantly increased (p<0.001). Furthermore, BLyS serum levels are elevated in grade 3 human obesity (862.5+222.0 pg/ml vs. 543.7+60.7 pg/ml in lean controls, p<0.001) and are positively correlated to the BMI (r = 0.43, p<0.0002). In the present study, bariatric surgery significantly altered serum BLyS concentrations. In contrast, weight loss due to a very-low-calorie-formula-diet (800 kcal/d) had no such effect. To examine metabolic activity of BLyS, in a translational research approach, insulin sensitivity was measured in human subjects in vivo before and after treatment with the human recombinant anti-BLyS antibody belimumab. Since BLyS is known to promote B-cell proliferation and immunoglobulin secretion, the present data suggest that adipocytes of grade 3 obese human subjects are able to activate the adaptive immune system, suggesting that in metabolic inflammation in humans both, innate and adaptive immunity, are of pathophysiological relevance. Public Library of Science 2014-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3984119/ /pubmed/24728308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094282 Text en © 2014 Müller et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Müller, Nike Schulte, Dominik M. Hillebrand, Susann Türk, Kathrin Hampe, Jochen Schafmayer, Clemens Brosch, Mario von Schönfels, Witigo Ahrens, Markus Zeuner, Rainald Schröder, Johann O. Blüher, Matthias Gutschow, Christian Freitag-Wolf, Sandra Stelmach-Mardas, Marta Saggau, Carina Schreiber, Stefan Laudes, Matthias B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title | B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title_full | B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title_fullStr | B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title_full_unstemmed | B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title_short | B Lymphocyte Stimulator (BLyS) Is Expressed in Human Adipocytes In Vivo and Is Related to Obesity but Not to Insulin Resistance |
title_sort | b lymphocyte stimulator (blys) is expressed in human adipocytes in vivo and is related to obesity but not to insulin resistance |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984119/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24728308 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094282 |
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