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Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that females and males differ in the processing of emotional facial expressions including the recognition of emotion, and that emotional facial expressions are detected more rapidly than are neutral expressions. However, whether the sexes differ in the rapid d...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2014
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24728084 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094747 |
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author | Sawada, Reiko Sato, Wataru Kochiyama, Takanori Uono, Shota Kubota, Yasutaka Yoshimura, Sayaka Toichi, Motomi |
author_facet | Sawada, Reiko Sato, Wataru Kochiyama, Takanori Uono, Shota Kubota, Yasutaka Yoshimura, Sayaka Toichi, Motomi |
author_sort | Sawada, Reiko |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that females and males differ in the processing of emotional facial expressions including the recognition of emotion, and that emotional facial expressions are detected more rapidly than are neutral expressions. However, whether the sexes differ in the rapid detection of emotional facial expressions remains unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We measured reaction times (RTs) during a visual search task in which 44 females and 46 males detected normal facial expressions of anger and happiness or their anti-expressions within crowds of neutral expressions. Anti-expressions expressed neutral emotions with visual changes quantitatively comparable to normal expressions. We also obtained subjective emotional ratings in response to the facial expression stimuli. RT results showed that both females and males detected normal expressions more rapidly than anti-expressions and normal-angry expressions more rapidly than normal-happy expressions. However, females and males showed different patterns in their subjective ratings in response to the facial expressions. Furthermore, sex differences were found in the relationships between subjective ratings and RTs. High arousal was more strongly associated with rapid detection of facial expressions in females, whereas negatively valenced feelings were more clearly associated with the rapid detection of facial expressions in males. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that females and males differ in their subjective emotional reactions to facial expressions and in the emotional processes that modulate the detection of facial expressions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3984253 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2014 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-39842532014-04-15 Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions Sawada, Reiko Sato, Wataru Kochiyama, Takanori Uono, Shota Kubota, Yasutaka Yoshimura, Sayaka Toichi, Motomi PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that females and males differ in the processing of emotional facial expressions including the recognition of emotion, and that emotional facial expressions are detected more rapidly than are neutral expressions. However, whether the sexes differ in the rapid detection of emotional facial expressions remains unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We measured reaction times (RTs) during a visual search task in which 44 females and 46 males detected normal facial expressions of anger and happiness or their anti-expressions within crowds of neutral expressions. Anti-expressions expressed neutral emotions with visual changes quantitatively comparable to normal expressions. We also obtained subjective emotional ratings in response to the facial expression stimuli. RT results showed that both females and males detected normal expressions more rapidly than anti-expressions and normal-angry expressions more rapidly than normal-happy expressions. However, females and males showed different patterns in their subjective ratings in response to the facial expressions. Furthermore, sex differences were found in the relationships between subjective ratings and RTs. High arousal was more strongly associated with rapid detection of facial expressions in females, whereas negatively valenced feelings were more clearly associated with the rapid detection of facial expressions in males. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that females and males differ in their subjective emotional reactions to facial expressions and in the emotional processes that modulate the detection of facial expressions. Public Library of Science 2014-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3984253/ /pubmed/24728084 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094747 Text en © 2014 Sawada et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Sawada, Reiko Sato, Wataru Kochiyama, Takanori Uono, Shota Kubota, Yasutaka Yoshimura, Sayaka Toichi, Motomi Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title | Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title_full | Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title_fullStr | Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title_full_unstemmed | Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title_short | Sex Differences in the Rapid Detection of Emotional Facial Expressions |
title_sort | sex differences in the rapid detection of emotional facial expressions |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3984253/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24728084 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0094747 |
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