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The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors

Primary prevention and early detection of cardiovascular disease is important, as it is the leading cause of death throughout world. Risk stratification algorithms, such as Framingham Risk Score and European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation, that utilize a combination of various traditional risk...

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Autores principales: Lee, Chan Joo, Park, Sungha
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3990091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24719118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.551
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author Lee, Chan Joo
Park, Sungha
author_facet Lee, Chan Joo
Park, Sungha
author_sort Lee, Chan Joo
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description Primary prevention and early detection of cardiovascular disease is important, as it is the leading cause of death throughout world. Risk stratification algorithms, such as Framingham Risk Score and European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation, that utilize a combination of various traditional risk factors have been developed to improve primary prevention. However, the accuracy of these algorithms for screening high risk patients is moderate at best. Accordingly, the use of biomarkers or imaging studies may improve risk stratification. Carotid ultrasound, which measures both carotid intima-media thichkness (cIMT) and carotid plaque, is useful in detecting the degree of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, and has the advantage of being noninvasive and safe. Several large epidemiologic studies have indicated that cIMT and carotid plaque are closely related with other cardiovascular risk factors and may be useful for risk reclassification in subjects deemed to be at intermediate risk by traditional risk scores. Moreover, recent clinical guidelines for management of hypertension or dyslipidemia highlight the usefulness of cIMT in high risk patients. In this article, we review evidence for the usefulness of measurement of cIMT and carotid plaque for cardiovascular risk stratification.
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spelling pubmed-39900912014-05-01 The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors Lee, Chan Joo Park, Sungha Yonsei Med J Review Article Primary prevention and early detection of cardiovascular disease is important, as it is the leading cause of death throughout world. Risk stratification algorithms, such as Framingham Risk Score and European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation, that utilize a combination of various traditional risk factors have been developed to improve primary prevention. However, the accuracy of these algorithms for screening high risk patients is moderate at best. Accordingly, the use of biomarkers or imaging studies may improve risk stratification. Carotid ultrasound, which measures both carotid intima-media thichkness (cIMT) and carotid plaque, is useful in detecting the degree of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, and has the advantage of being noninvasive and safe. Several large epidemiologic studies have indicated that cIMT and carotid plaque are closely related with other cardiovascular risk factors and may be useful for risk reclassification in subjects deemed to be at intermediate risk by traditional risk scores. Moreover, recent clinical guidelines for management of hypertension or dyslipidemia highlight the usefulness of cIMT in high risk patients. In this article, we review evidence for the usefulness of measurement of cIMT and carotid plaque for cardiovascular risk stratification. Yonsei University College of Medicine 2014-05-01 2014-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3990091/ /pubmed/24719118 http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.551 Text en © Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2014 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Lee, Chan Joo
Park, Sungha
The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title_full The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title_fullStr The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title_full_unstemmed The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title_short The Role of Carotid Ultrasound for Cardiovascular Risk Stratification beyond Traditional Risk Factors
title_sort role of carotid ultrasound for cardiovascular risk stratification beyond traditional risk factors
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3990091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24719118
http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2014.55.3.551
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