Approach to kidney stones associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction during laparoscopic pyeloplasty

INTRODUCTION: We have performed laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP) in our department since 2004. Our goal is to describe, step by step, the approach of kidney stones during transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty and the outcomes after the procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twelve patients with kidney stones treated by transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty were found. The hospital records with clinical features, supplementary tests, and imaging studies were reviewed for demographic, procedural, and efficacy data. RESULTS: Kidney stones were found in 12 of 62 patients (19%) who had undergone transperitoneal laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Eight cases were treated using a flexible cystoscope and a nitinol N–Circle basket; in the remaining four cases the stones were extracted using laparoscopic grasping instruments. We want to emphasize a case of horseshoe kidney associated with ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction and a kidney stone in which the procedure was performed successfully. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty has now emerged as a standard approach to UPJ obstruction. Associated renal abnormalities or kidney stones add complexity to the procedure, however, as shown in our results, centers with experience in the laparoscopic approach of reconstructive urology make this technique feasible.